Identification of 1-lysophosphatidylethanolamine (C(16:1)) as an antimicrobial compound in the housefly, Musca domestica |
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Authors: | Meylaers Karen Clynen Elke Daloze Désiré DeLoof Arnold Schoofs Liliane |
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Institution: | Laboratory for Developmental Physiology, Genomics and Proteomics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, B-3000 Leuven 3010, Belgium. karen.meylaers@bio.kuleuven.ac.be |
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Abstract: | We observed that a methanolic whole body extract of uninfected last instar larvae of the housefly, Musca domestica, displayed antifungal and antibacterial activity. We have further purified this extract to a single active fraction using reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography. The pure fraction inhibited growth of the Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but not the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli. The active compound was determined to have a molecular mass of 451.2 Da. Further analysis by nuclear magnetic resonance identified the substance as mono-unsaturated 1-lysophosphatidylethanolamine (C(16:1)) (1-LPE). The structurally different and more common 2-LPE have been described as mediators of the antimicrobial activity of rimenophenazine antibiotic agents (Van Rensburg et al., 1992). Our results suggest that the isolated 1-LPE displays a higher activity in comparison, possibly based on structure-specific differences in activity. |
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