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Methyl palmitate: a novel product of the Medfly (Ceratitis capitata) corpus allatum
Authors:P Moshitzky  I Miloslavski  Z Aizenshtat  S W Applebaum  
Institution:a Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Quality Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot Campus, Rehovot 76100, Israel;b Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram Campus, Israel
Abstract:The corpus allatum (CA) of adult female Ceratitis capitata produces methyl palmitate (MP) in vitro, in addition to JHB3 and JH III. Biosynthesized MP migrates on TLC and co-elutes from RP-18 HPLC with synthetic MP. Its identity is verified herein by GCMS. MP production is up-regulated twofold by mevastatin, an inhibitor of mevalonic acid-dependent isoprene biosynthesis. Fosmidomycin, an inhibitor of mevalonic acid-independent isoprene synthesis in graminaceous plants, up-regulates MP synthesis by about fourfold. However, it does not depress JHB3 biosynthesis concurrently. This suggests that the initial enzyme(s) in the conversion of 1-deoxy-xylulose 5-phosphate to isoprene is presumably present in C. capitata, but is inhibited by fosmidomycin, and this inhibition diverts precursors to MP synthesis. Phytol, an acyclic diterpene, might be suppressing isoprene biosynthesis by CA, thereby resulting in a fourfold increase in the MP biosynthesis. Linolenic acid is an end-product and its presence in incubation media up-regulates MP biosynthesis by twofold, presumably due to the feedback diversion to biosynthesis of C16:0 and its methyl ester. Biosynthesis of MP is markedly depressed after mating, while otherwise maintained at significantly higher levels in virgin females. MP biosynthesis is significantly reduced in virgin females by direct axonal control but is less consistent after mating.
Keywords:Medfly  Ceratitis capitata  Corpus allatum  Methyl palmitate  Juvenile hormone  Reproductive regulation
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