Improving the endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes with chromium and vitamin D3 byreducing homocysteine and oxidative stress: A randomized placebo-controlled trial |
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| Institution: | 1. Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran;2. Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran;3. Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran;4. Department of Biochemistry, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran;5. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;6. Community and Preventive Medicine Specialist, Department of community medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran;7. Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran;1. Clinical Medical College, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China;2. Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China;3. Department of Oncology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China;4. Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China;1. CONACYT— National Institute of Cardiology “Ignacio Chávez”, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, CDMX, 14080, Mexico;2. Neurochemistry Department, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Insurgentes sur 3877, La Fama, Tlalpan, CDMX, 14269, Mexico;3. Pharmacology Department, National Institute of Pediatrics, Iman Avenue 1, Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Coyoacán, CDMX, 04530, Mexico;1. Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;2. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;3. Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;1. College of Science, Al-Qasim Green University, Iraq;2. Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt;3. National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundChromium picolinate (CrPic) and vitamin D3 are known as two antioxidant micronutrients. Through inducing endothelial dysfunction, oxidants such as homocysteine (Hct) and malondialdehyde (MDA) lead to cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). No published data has directly examined the effects of these two antioxidants on improving the endothelial dysfunction in T2DM throughreducing homocysteine and oxidative stress.MethodsSubjects (n = 92) in this randomized, double blind, placebo-control study were randomly assigned to receive oral placebo (group I), D3 (group II: 50,000 IU/ week), chromium picolinate (CrPic) (group III: 500 μg/day), and both vitamin D3 and CrPic (group IV) for four months. Fasting blood samples were drawn at study baseline and following intervention to determine Hct, MDA, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total thiol groups (SHs), vascular cell adhesion molecule- 1 (VCAM-1), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1).ResultsAfter intervention, MDA significantly decreased in groups II and IV; TAC significantly increased in group IV, and SHs significantly augmented in group III; Hct was significantly reduced in groups II, III, and IV; and VCAM-1 significantly decreased in groups III and IV and PAI-1 was significantly reduced in groups II, III, and IV.ConclusionOur findings suggest that through reducing homocysteine and oxidative stress and improving endothelial dysfunction, chromium and vitamin D3 co-supplementation might be predictive and preventive of cardiovascular diseasesassociated with T2DM.IRCT, IRCT20190610043852N1, registered 21 October 2019, https://fa.irct.ir/user/trial/42293/view |
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| Keywords: | Chromium picolinate Type 2 diabetes mellitus Oxidative stress Endothelial Dysfunction Homocysteine |
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