Beneficial effects of oral chromium picolinate supplementation on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized clinical study |
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| Institution: | 1. Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Rua General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, S/N-Petrópolis, Natal-RN CEP 59012-570, Brazil;2. Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Avenida: Nilo Peçanha, 620, Petrópolis, Natal-RN CEP 59012-300, Brazil;3. Health Sciences College of Trairi, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) Rua Trairí, S/N-Centro-Santa Cruz/RN, CEP 59200-000, Brazil;4. Graduate Student in the Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. Senador Salgado Filho, 3000 Lagoa Nova, Natal-RN CEP 59078-970, Brazil;5. Post Doctoral Fellow in the Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Rua General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, S/N-Petrópolis, Natal-RN CEP 59012-570, Brazil;6. Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Rua General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, S/N-Petrópolis, Natal-RN CEP 59012-570, Brazil;1. Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China;2. Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA;3. Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;4. Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, USA;5. Department of Pathology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China;6. Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Siena, Italy;7. Harvard–MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA;1. Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA;2. Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA;3. Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA;4. Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA;1. Department of Chemistry, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway;2. Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway;3. Department of Endocrinology, St. Olav’s Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway;4. Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway;5. HUNT Research Centre, Levanger, Norway;6. Department of Neuroscience, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway;1. Department of Pediatrics, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt;2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt;1. Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, J.N Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India;2. Fish Molecular Biology & Endocrinology Lab, Department of Zoology, A.M.U., Aligarh, India |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundChromium is an essential mineral that contributes to normal glucose function and lipid metabolism. This study evaluated the effect of chromium picolinate (CrPic) supplementation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsA four month controlled, single blind, randomized trial was performed with 71 patients with poorly controlled (hemoglobin A1c HbA1c] > 7%) T2DM divided into 2 groups: Control (n = 39, using placebo), and supplemented (n = 32, using 600 μg/day CrPic). All patients received nutritional guidance according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA), and kept using prescribed medications. Fasting and postprandial glucose, HbA1c, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides and serum ferritin were evaluated.ResultsCrPic supplementation significantly reduced the fasting glucose concentration (−31.0 mg/dL supplemented group; −14.0 mg/dL control group; p < 0.05, post- vs. pre-treatment, in each group) and postprandial glucose concentration (−37.0 mg/dL in the supplemented group; −11.5 mg/dL in the control group; p < 0.05). HbA1c values were also significantly reduced in both groups (p < 0.001, comparing post- vs. pre-treatment groups). Post-treatment HbA1c values in supplemented patients were significantly lower than those of control patients. HbA1c lowering in the supplemented group (−1.90), and in the control group (−1.00), was also significant, comparing pre- and post-treatment values, for each group (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively). CrPic increased serum chromium concentrations (p < 0.001), when comparing the supplemented group before and after supplementation. No significant difference in lipid profile was observed in the supplemented group; however, total cholesterol, HDL-c and LDL-c were significantly lowered, comparing pre- and post-treatment period, in the control group (p < 0.05).ConclusionsCrPic supplementation had a beneficial effect on glycemic control in patients with poorly controlled T2DM, without affecting the lipid profile. Additional studies are necessary to investigate the effect of long-term CrPic supplementation. |
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| Keywords: | Type 2 diabetes mellitus Chromium picolinate Dyslipidemia Dietary supplements |
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