花青素对神经退行性疾病保护作用的研究进展

对近年来花青素在神经退行性疾病中的研究进展进行综述，并从抑制氧化应激、缓解神经炎症、缓解兴奋性毒性和抑制蛋白异常聚集等方面对花青素的神经保护作用机制进行探讨，为进一步了解和研究花青素类化合物在神经退行性疾病中的预防作用提供科学依据。

Identification of Purpureocillium lilacinum and Trichoderma harzianum Strains for Simultaneously Controlling Cucumber Root Rot and Rootknot Nematode Diseases

Root rot and root-knot nematode diseases seriously cause damages to vegetable production.It was reported that Purpureocillium lilacinum and Trichoderma harzianum presented potentials to control the individual root rot or root-knot nematode disease.In order to screen P.lilacinum and T.harzianum strains for simultaneously controlling these two diseases,25 rhizospheric soil samples of Solanaceae and Cucurbitaceae vegetables were collected from 5 provinces on the north of Beijing,and 699 strains of fungal strains were isolated.The 89 strains were screened out to be antagonistic to the pathogenic strain Fusarium oxysporum,and their taxonomy were determined by sequencing the products amplified with ITS1/ITS4 prime pairs.Three P.lilacinum(2018-31,2018-32 and 2019-79)and two T.harzianum(2018-44 and 2018-54)strains were identified,and their safety to the host was evaluated by soaking the cucumber seedlings(Zhongnong 18)in the fermentation suspension.The results showed that one P.lilacinum(2018-32)and two T.harzianum(2018-44 and 2018-54)were proved to be non-pathogenic to the cucumber seedlings.Pot experiments were conducted to further investigate their efficiency for controlling the cucumber root rot and root-knot nematode disease,and the results showed that the control efficiency of P.lilacinum(2018-32)and T.harzianum(2018-44)strain on the root rot disease was 81.19% and 73.08%,respectively.While the control efficiency of P.lilacinum(2018-32)and T.harzianum(2018-44)strain on the root-knot nematode disease was 64.06% and 50.54%,respectively.All were better than the commercial agent of the same type.Our results revealed that the screened P.lilacinum(2018-32)and T.harzianum(2018-44)strain presented promising efficiency for simultaneously controlling cucumber root rot and root-knot nematode diseases.