树[鼠句]正常肠道细菌的培养分离鉴定及其药敏试验研究

目的了解人工饲养树鼠句]肠道菌群感染情况及其各种细菌对药物的敏感性。方法通过肠道细菌采样、培养、分离和菌落生长特性观察，并经革兰氏染色、氧化酶试验、触酶试验、生化编码鉴定管试验和9种药敏试验分析，初步鉴定了107例人工饲养树鼠句]肠道感染细菌的种类和这些细菌对药物的敏感程度。结果本次细菌培养共从树鼠句]肠道中培养分离出5株细菌，其中革兰氏阳性菌2株，革兰氏阴性菌3株，以大肠杆菌和葡萄球菌最为多见。同时确定了菌株的药敏情况为：（1）大肠杆菌对头孢类药头孢哌酮最为敏感，对药物磺胺甲嚼唑／甲氧苄定、氧氟沙星、左氧氟沙星、呋喃妥因、诺氟沙星、氨苄西林高敏；（2）沙门氏菌对阿米卡星最为敏感，对药物头孢哌酮青霉素G高敏；（3）链球菌对试验药物氨苄西林、头孢哌酮、呋喃妥因显示为中敏；（4）葡萄球菌对头孢类药头孢哌酮、磺胺类磺胺甲晤唑／甲氧苄定、沙星类诺氟沙星、左氧氟沙星、氧氟沙星、呋喃妥因和氨苄西林最为敏感，对其它药物均为中敏；（5）假单胞菌对药物左氧氟沙星最为敏感，对大多数药物都显示高敏。结论大肠杆菌和葡萄球菌可能是树鼢肠道中正常寄生的主要菌群，同时其它菌群也有寄生。用药敏实验筛选出的药物可为临床用药和动物的生物净化提供指导依据。

Culture, Isolation and Identification of Normal Intestinal Bacterial Flora and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility in Tree Shrew

Objective To identify the normal intestinal bacterial flora and their antibiotic susceptibility in tree shrew.Methods The intestinal bacterial flora of the tree shrew were sampled, cultured, isolated and their species and characteristics were identified by Gram staining test, oxidase test, catalase test, biochemical identification of microtubes/systems for bacteria, and susceptibility test of 9 amtibiotics. Results Five bacterial species were isolated from cultures. There were 2 Gram-positive and 3 Gramnegative bacteria, with predominance of Escherichia coli and staphylococci. Their antibiotic susceptibilities were： 1 ） Escherichia coli were most susceptible to cefoperazone and highly susceptible to aminobenzenesulfonamide, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, furantoin norfloracin and ampicillin. 2 ） Salmonella were most susceptible to amikacin and highly susceptible to cefoperazone penicillin G;3） Streptococci were moderately susceptible to the tested drugs ampicillin eefoperazone, furantion ;4） Staphylococci were most susceptible to cefoperazone, and they were more sensitive to aminobenzenesulfonamide, norfloxacin, levofloxacin ofloxaein, furantoin, ampicillin than to the other drugs;5） Pseudomonas was most sensitive to levofloxacin and highly sensitive to most of the other drugs. Conclusion Escherichia coli and staphylococci may be the predominant intestinal flora, while other intestinal flora may simultaneously exist in the intestine of tree shrew. Drugs selected by antibiotic susceptibility test can be used to instruct clinical treatment and bio-cleaning for animals.