两种方法对上海及周边地区实验大小鼠螺杆菌携带情况的调查

目的了解上海及周边地区实验小鼠、大鼠螺杆菌携带情况，为我国实验动物等级及监测标准的制定提供参考和依据。方法PCR法共检测了352只小鼠（清洁级101只，SPF级251只），101只大鼠（清洁级69只，SPF级32只）；ELISA法共检测了88只小鼠（清洁级26只，SPF级62只），165只大鼠（清洁级84只，SPF级81只）；并对其中88只小鼠、101只大鼠的PCR和ELISA法阳性检测率进行比较。结果PCR法检测小鼠平均阳性率为35．8％（126／352），清洁级阳性率为51．5％（52／101），SPF级阳性率为29．5％（74／251）；大鼠平均阳性率为70．3％（71／101），清洁级阳性率为69．6％（48／69），SPF级阳性率为71．9％（23／32）；ELISA法检测小鼠平均阳性率为15．9％（14／88），清洁级阳性率为19．2％（5／26），SPF级阳性率为14．5％（9／62）；大鼠平均阳性率为52．7％（87／165），清洁级53．6％（45／84），SPF级51．9％（42／81）；88只小鼠PCR法阳性检测率为72．7％（64／88），ELISA法阳性检测率为15．9％（14／88）；101只大鼠PCR法阳性检测率为70．3％（71／101），ELISA法阳性检测率为49．5％（50／101）。结论上海及周边地区实验大鼠、小鼠中皆存在着不同程度的螺杆菌感染，两种方法阳性检出率比较结果表明回盲部内容物PCR法较检测血清中抗螺杆菌抗体ELISA法更为敏感。

An Epidemiological Survey of Helicobacter spp. in Laboratory Mice and Rats in the Area around Shanghai by Two Detection Methods

Objective To identity the prevalence of Helicobacter spp. infection in laboratory mice and laboratory rats in the area around Shanghai, and provide reference and basis for the establishment of Chinese laboratory animals grades and monitoring standards. Methods A total of 352 mice （101 clean grade mice,251 SPF grade mice） and 101 rat （69 clean grade rats, 32 SPF grade rats） obtained from the area around Shanghai were detected by polymerase chain reaction （PCR）. 88 mice （clean grade mice,62 SPF grade mice） and 165 rats （84 clean grade rats, 81 SPF grade rats） were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Next, the positive rate of the two methods in 88 mice and 101 rats were compared. Results PCR detecting percentage in mice and rats were as follows：the average positive rate of mice was 35.8% （126/352） , among them, the positive rates of clean grade rats and SPF grade mice were 51.5% （52/101）and 29.5% （74/251 ）, respectively. The average positive rates of rats were 70. 3% （71/101） , among them, the positive rate of clean grade and SPF grade were 69. 6% （48/69）and 71.9% （23/32）, respectively. ELISA detecting percentage in mice and rats as follows：the average positive rate of mice were 15.9% （14/88） , among them, the positive rates of clean grade and SPF grade mice were 19.2% （5/26） and 14.5% （9/62） ,respectively. The average positive rate of rats was 52.7% （87/165） , among them, the positive rates of clean grade and SPF grade rats were 53.6% （45/84） and 51.9% （42/81） , respectively. The positive rates of 88 mice tested by PCR were 72.7% （64/88） and by ELISA 15.9% （14/88）. The positive rates of 101 rats detected by PCR were 70.3% （71/101） and by ELISA 49.5% （50/101）. Conclusions Helicobacter spp. infection exists in laboratory mice and laboratory rats in the area around Shanghai. The PCR assay of feces is more sensitive than the examination of the serum antibody against Helicobacter spp.