不同因素致亚健康大鼠血液生化、血气电解质指标的影响

目的观察不同因素致亚健康模型大鼠血液生化和血气电解质指标的变化。方法 60只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为5组,即多因素（MF）组、热水游泳（WS）组、睡眠不足（SD）组、单纯束缚（PC）组和正常对照（C）组,每组12只。采用热水游泳、睡眠剥夺和单纯束缚等单因素或多因素联合建立亚健康大鼠模型,各组造模5d后,处死6只,剩余动物进行恢复性饲养3 d后处死。分别测定造模结束后和恢复3 d时大鼠的血清中的丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、总蛋白（TP）、白蛋白（ALB）、尿素氮（BUN）、肌酐（CREA）、血糖（GLU）、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、肌酸磷酸激酶（CK）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）和血气电解质等指标。结果 （1）与正常对照（C）组比,造模5d后MF组的大鼠BUN和TG水平显著降低（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）,同时CREA、AST、CK、CK/AST和LDH水平显著升高（P〈0.01）,WS组的大鼠TC、CK、CK/AST和LDH水平亦升高显著（P〈0.01）,且各模型组的大鼠GLU浓度明显增加（P〈0.01）;恢复3 d后,MF组的大鼠TC、AST、ALT、ALB、BUN、CK、CK/AST和LDH水平均明显高于C组（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）;WS组的大鼠血清AST、CK、CK/AST比值和LDH水平亦显著高于C组（P〈0.01）,SD组的大鼠CK显著高于C组（P〈0.05）;（2）与C组比,造模5d后MF组、SD组和PC组的大鼠PCO2、Hct和Hb均明显升高（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）,WS组Hct和Hb升高显著且Na＋显著降低（P〈0.01）,MF组的大鼠PO2和SO2%均显著降低且K＋明显升高（P〈0.05）,且各造模组的大鼠HCO3-♂的浓度均显著升高（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）;恢复3 d后,除各造模大鼠的血液pH值和PO2均明显下降（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）外,MF组、SD组和PC组的大鼠PCO2升高并伴有SO2%的降低（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）,MF组和WS组Na＋仍明显低于C组（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）,SD组的大鼠K＋和Mg2＋则明显高于C组（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）。结论不同因素诱导的亚健康状态大鼠的血液生化、血气电解质指标均出现了不同程度上的改变,故血液生化和血气电解质指标能有效评估亚健康状态机体血液微环境的改变。

Effects of Different Factors on the Blood Biochemistry and Blood Gas and Electrolytes in the Sub-health Rats

Objective To observe the changes of blood biochemistry and blood gas and electrolytes in sub-health model rats caused by different factors.Method 60 SPF male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups（n = 12）： multifactor group（MF）,warm swimming group（WS）,sleep deficiency group（SD）,purely constraint group（PC） and control group（C）.We used the way of single stimulation such as warm swimming,sleep deficiency or complex stimulation to establish the sub-health models.Six rats were sacrificed 5 days after modeling.The others were sacrificed 3 days after recovery breeding.The serum ALT,AST,TP,ALB,BUN,CREA,GLU,TC,TG,CK,LDH levels and blood gas and electrolytes were detected.Result（1） Compared with the control group,the serum BUN and TG in the MF group were significantly lower（P0.05,P0.01） 5 days after modeling,while CREA,AST,CK,CK/AST and LDH levels were significantly increased（P0.01）.The levels of TC,CK,CK/AST and LDH in the WS group were also significantly increased（P0.01） and GLU concentration in all the groups was significantly increased（P0.05）.After recovery breeding for 3 days,the levels of CREA,AST,CK,CK/AST and LDH in MF group were significantly higher than those in the control group（P0.01）,while the CK activity in the SD group was significantly higher than that in the control group（P0.05）.（2） Compared with the control group,PCO2,Hct and Hb in the MF,SD and PC groups were significantly increased at 5 days after modeling（P0.05,P0.01）,while Hct and Hb in the WS group were significantly increased and Na＋ concentration decreased（P0.01）.PO2 and SO2% in the MF group were significantly decreased and K＋ concentration was increased（P0.05）.The HCO-3 concentration of all the groups was significantly increased.After recovery breeding for 3 days,except for pH and PCO2 were significantly decreased in all model groups（P0.05,P0.01）,PCO2 in the MF,SD and PC groups was significantly increased and SO2% was decreased（P0.05,P0.01）,Na＋ concentration in the MF and WS groups was still lower than that in the control group,and K＋ and Mg＋＋ concentrations in the SD group were significantly higher than those in the control group（P0.05,P0.01）.Conclusions Blood biochemistry,blood gas and electrolytes indexes are differently changed in sub-health rats induced by different factors,thus these indexes could be used to evaluate the changes of blood microenvironment in the sub-health state.