大鼠心肌梗死模型构建和评价方法的改良

目的 优化和改良大鼠心肌梗死模型的构建和评价方法,提高模型的可靠性和稳定性.方法 取雄性SD大鼠结扎左冠状动脉前降支建立心肌梗死模型,在模型的构建过程中从麻醉、插气管、保温、手术操作、术后护理等环节进行优化和改进,并观察不同的麻醉方法和术后时间对心肌梗死程度的影响,用不同的染色方式进行心肌梗死模型的评价.结果 对比大鼠心肌梗死模型构建过程中各组大鼠麻醉时间、术后恢复以及心肌梗死面积的结果,戊巴比妥钠是更合适的麻醉药;结扎手术后时间对模型心肌梗死范围无明显影响（P＆gt;0.05）,但心肌缺血危险区面积随术后时间的延长明显减少（P〈0.01）;TTC与依文思蓝双重染色相对TTC染色能明显观察到心肌缺血危险区和梗死区范围.结论 优化和改进后的大鼠心肌梗死模型,提高了动物福利,制备和评价方法更加客观准确.

Improvement of the methods of establishing and evaluating rat models of myocardial infarction

Objective To optimize the method of establishing and evaluating rat models of myocardial infarction, and improve the reliability and stability of the model. Methods The left descending coronary artery in male SD rats was ligated to establish myocardial infarction model. Some important steps such as anesthesia, tracheal intubation, heat insulation, operation technique and postoperative care were improved during the modeling, and the effect of different anesthesia and different postperative days on myocardial infarction size was observed. Different staining methods were used to evaluate the infarction size in the rat myocardial infarction model. Results By comparing the anesthesia time, postoperative recovery and infarction size of each group during the process of myocardial infarction modeling, the sodium pentobarbital was shown to be more appropriate anesthetic. Different days after ligation had no significant effect on the modeling of myocardial infarction （P 〉 0.05） ; but the myocardial ischemia area was significantly decreased with longer postoperative duration （P 〈 0. 01 ）. 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride （TTC） and Evans blue double staining clearly visualized myocardial ischemia area and infarction area compared with TTC staining. Conclusions The optimized rat models of myocardial infarction in this study improve the animal welfare, and the establishing and evaluating method is more objective and accurate.