高致病性禽流感（H5N1）实验流行病学初探——感染途径

目的观测不同感染途径实验性感染BALB／c小鼠后的感染状况，了解H5N1病毒的感染特点，为更深入的流行病学研究提供理论基础。方法分别通过口腔接种、污染饲料、腹腔注射、皮肤损伤途径感染6—8周龄BALB／c小鼠，定期安乐动物采血及各器官组织进行血清学、病原学、病理学检查，记录抗体变化、病毒分离情况及病理学改变。结果各途径感染小鼠感染后出现竖毛、弓背、觅食减少、体重减轻、精神呆滞及神经系统症状，肺组织病毒分离及RT-PCR阳性，病理表现间质性肺炎。感染后第7d动物血清中可检测到H5N1抗体。结论通过口腔接种、污染饲料、腹腔注射及皮肤损伤多种途径感染BALB／c小鼠，均能发生感染，提示呼吸道以外的感染方式不容忽视，有益于人类更好的防控禽流感；可通过多种方式建模，深入研究禽流感的发病机制。

Epidemiological Study of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza（HSN1） --Infection Route

Objective To clearify whether H5N1 can infect BALB/c mice via various route or not and to establish the foundation of epidemiology study. Method BALB/c mice were infected with H5N1 virus through douching orally, feeding on virus-contaminated feed, intraperitoneal injection and wounded skin. All mice were euthanized at various time points for collecting serum samples for serology, throat swab for etiology and tissues for pathology. Results After infection the animals manifested severe sickness with i~ling of the fur, anorexia rapid weight loss and neural symptoms. Virus replication was demonstrated by virus isolation and RT-PCR. Histopathologic examination of lung tissues confirmed interstitial pneumonia. On the 7th day after infection, serum IgG level of the BALB/c mice went up. Conclusion BALB/c mice can be infected via douching orally, feeding on virus-contaminated feed, intraperitoneal injection and wounded skin. So we cannot neglect potentially novel routes except respiratory, which be meaningfully for preventing and controlling avian influenza. E1 sewhere, we can produce HSN1 infectious animal models via many infection routes, which may provide insight to the mechanism of avian influenza virus infection.