重度盐碱地改良后土壤离子含量及粒径变化研究

以黑龙江省肇东市重度盐碱地作为研究对象，对采用小穴改良“一字沟”觅食丘式原位修复、小穴改良“十字沟”觅食台式原位修复和小穴改良“井字沟”觅食坛式原位修复的方法进行改良后的土壤离子含量及其土壤粒径变化进行研究。结果表明：实施不同改良措施后土壤离子含量发生了显著变化，土壤活性铝含量、交换性钙、镁含量显著提高；土壤硫酸根离子、氯离子、碳酸根含量均显著降低；扫描电镜下土壤颗粒化效果明显，破碎化程度提高，孔隙度显著增加。因此，本研究所采用的三种不同的盐碱地改良措施使土壤组成和物理结构均显著不同于原有盐碱基质，土壤盐碱性得到有效改善。

Change of Ion Content and Particle Size of the Modified Severe Saline-alkali Soil

We studied the ion content and particle size of soil that modified by four treatments, with the severe saline-alkali soil of Zhaodong City, Heilongjiang Province. Four treatments were CK(Control), Bar treatment(Small hole improvement-Bar foraging ditch-In situ repair), Cross treatment(Small hole improvement-Cross foraging ditch-In situ repair) and Grid treatment(Small hole improvement-Grid form of foraging ditch-In situ repair). Different improvement treatments changed the severe saline-alkali soil ion content dramatically, and significantly improved the soil activated Al content, the content of exchangeable Ca, and Mg(P＜0.05). The sulfate content, chlorine ion content, and carbonate content in the soil were significantly increased(P＜0.05). The granulation of soil was observed under the scanning electron microscope(SEM), and the fragmentation degree, and porosity were increased significantly. Therefore, three different improvements of saline-alkali soil made the soil composition and physical structure different from the original saline-alkali substrate, and effectively improved the soil salinity.