基于SCoT分子标记的裸果木遗传多样性分析

为了揭示裸果木的遗传多样性和遗传结构，采用SCoT分子标记对新疆7个裸果木自然种群201个植株进行分析。结果表明12条引物共扩增出145个位点，在物种和种群水平上裸果木多态位点百分率分别为97.24%和76.45%，Nei's遗传多样性指数分别为0.263 8和0.213 7，Shannon's信息多样性指数分别为0.408 1和0.331 6，说明裸果木具有较高的遗传多样性，且物种水平遗传多样性略高于种群水平；遗传分化系数为0.183 9，说明其遗传变异主要来自种群内，种群间存在一定程度的分化；Mantel检验结果表明裸果木种群地理距离与遗传距离不存在显著相关性；运用主坐标分析（PCoA）和STRUCTURE分析对裸果木个体间亲缘关系聚类分析的结果存在一定差异，但总体上结果是一致的。裸果木的遗传多样性和遗传结构可能与进化历史、繁育系统、地理隔离和人为干扰有关。

Genetic Diversity of Gymnocarpos przewalskii Based on SCoT Markers

The experiment was conducted to study the genetic diversity and genetic structure of Gymnocarpos przewalskii with 201 individuals sampled from 7 G.przewalskii populations in Xinjiang by using tart codon targeted(SCoT) markers. The 12 random primers were amplified to 145 loci. The percentage of polymorphic bands, Nei's genetic diversity index and Shannon's information index of species and population leve were 97.24% and 76.45%, 0.2638 and 0.2137, 0.4081 and 0.3316, respectively. These results indicated that the genetic diversity of G.przewalskii was higher, and the genetic diversity of the species level was slightly higher than the population level. The genetic differentiation coefficient was 0.1839, indicating that the genetic variation of G.przewalskii mainly existed in populations, differentiation among populations exists partly. The results of Mantel test showed that there were no significant correlation between geographical distance and genetic distance. The results of principal coordinate analysis(PCoA) and genetic structure analysis were some differences, but basically consistent with each other. Therefore, the present status of genetic diversity and genetic structure of G.przewalskii might be related to its evolutionary history, breeding system, geographical isolation and human disturbance.