高寒山生柳灌丛的群落特征研究

山生柳（Salix oritrepha）是我国的特有种。通过对山生柳灌丛植物群落结构特征的定量分析结果表明：该类型由97种植物组成，隶属30科65属。其中有灌木10种，草本植物87种，山生柳为建群种；地理成分以北温带分布为主；生活型以地面芽植物为主（52.59%），其次为地下芽植物（27.89%）和高位芽（10.31%），地上芽和一年生植物仅占9.21%；群落结构比较简单，大体可以分为灌木层和草本层植物。灌木层物种多样性指数偏低，垂直结构各层次间物种多样性大小为草本层>灌木层。

Community Characteristics of Alpine Shrub Salix oritrepha

Salix oritrepha, belonging to the Salix, Salicaceae, is a perennial shrub endemic to China. According to the data of field plot, this paper deals with preliminary characteristics of S.oritrepha shrub communities in source regions of three rivers. The results show that: there are about 97 spermatophyte species, among which there are 30 families and 60 genera in S.oritrepha shrubs. There are 10 species of shrubs and 87 species of herbs. The dominant species is S.oritrepha, and the companions are Potentilla fruticosa, Caragana jubata and Potentillaglabra ect. The temperate floristic elements occupy a dominant position. The main life form of plants is hemicryptophytes (52.59%). The vertical structure is obvious and can be commonly divided into two layers: the shrub stratum and the herb stratum. The species diversity index of the shrub layer was a bit low, and the general trend was herb layer>shrub layer.