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两种山羊豆属植物花粉形态与花粉母细胞减数分裂行为观察
引用本文:张新宇,王赞,赵茂林,高洪文,刘大林.两种山羊豆属植物花粉形态与花粉母细胞减数分裂行为观察[J].植物研究,2008,28(5):540-546.
作者姓名:张新宇  王赞  赵茂林  高洪文  刘大林
作者单位:1. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京,100094;扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,扬州,225009
2. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京,100094
3. 北京市农林科学院农业生物技术研究中心,北京,100089
4. 扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,扬州,225009
摘    要:采用扫描电镜与1%醋酸洋红压片的方法,观察山羊豆属两种植物的花粉形态及花粉母细胞减数分裂行为,从而为山羊豆属的遗传学及分类学提供依据。两种山羊豆属植物立体形状为近球形或扁球形,均具三孔沟,穴—网状纹饰,极面观为近三角形,赤道面观为圆形。东方山羊豆的大小为:赤道轴×极轴=14.3(13.5~15.0)×12.6(12.1~13.7)μm,山羊豆的大小为:赤道轴×极轴=13.7(12.3~14.8)×12.4(10.6~13.0)μm.花粉母细胞减数分裂为同时型胞质分裂,终变期染色体构型为8Ⅱ,没有出现落后染色体及微核现象。小孢子四分体为四面体型。减数分裂过程有一定规律,与花蕾大小,颜色有密切关系。减数分裂进程存在一定差异,同一个花蕾中的不同花药花粉母细胞分裂速度基本相同,所处的时期及观察的分裂相一致,在同一个花药中的不同花粉母细胞中,可见各种不同时期的细胞。

关 键 词:山羊豆属  花粉母细胞  减数分裂  花粉形态

Observations on the Pollen Morphology and Meiosis of Pollen Mother Cell in Galega
ZHANG Xin-Yu,WANG Zan,ZHAO Mao-Lin,GAO Hong-Wen,LIU Dao-Lin.Observations on the Pollen Morphology and Meiosis of Pollen Mother Cell in Galega[J].Bulletin of Botanical Research,2008,28(5):540-546.
Authors:ZHANG Xin-Yu  WANG Zan  ZHAO Mao-Lin  GAO Hong-Wen  LIU Dao-Lin
Institution:(1.Institute of Animal Sciences,the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100094) (2.College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009) (3.Beijing Research Center of Agri-Biotechnology,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100089)
Abstract:The pollen morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The meiosis process of pollen mother cells was observed by 1% acetate magenta squashing method. The results showed that the pollen grains were subsphaeroidal or oblate, tricolporate. Exine was observed as the categories of pitted and reticulate. Pollen was triangular obtuse in polar view, rotundity in equatorial view. The pollen size is P×E=14.3(13.5~15.0)×12.6(12.1~13.7)μm and P×E=13.7(12.3~14.8)×12.4(10.6~13.0)μm for Galega orientalis Lam. and G. officinalis Linn. respectively. The meiosis in Galega undergoes simultaneity cytokinesis. There were 8 bivalents appearing at the stage of diakinesis and there is no unpaired chromosomes or micronuclei. The microspores in tetrad stage showed tetrahedron structure. The meiosis of the pollen mother cells were closely related to the colors and size of buds. The same in stages of meiosis existed among the same bud. There were different division phases simultaneously observed in the same anthers.
Keywords:Galega  pollen mother cell  meiosis  pollen morphology
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