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虎耳草属异叶虎耳草复合群的数量分类学研究
引用本文:马小磊,贾留坤,曹倩,陈世龙,高庆波.虎耳草属异叶虎耳草复合群的数量分类学研究[J].植物研究,2022,42(4):536-543.
作者姓名:马小磊  贾留坤  曹倩  陈世龙  高庆波
作者单位:1.中国科学院西北高原生物研究所青海省作物分子育种重点实验室,西宁 8100082.中国科学院大学,北京 1000493.中国科学院昆明植物研究所中国科学院东亚植物多样性与生物地理学重点实验室,昆明 650201
基金项目:青海省应用基础研究项目(2019-ZJ-7019);青海省“高端创新人才千人计划”项目
摘    要:山羊臭组(Saxifraga sect. Ciliatae Haworth)隶属于虎耳草属(Saxifraga Tourn. ex L.),具有极高的物种丰富度,但山羊臭组内部的系统发育关系一直都未能很好解决。唐古拉亚组(S. subsect. Hirculoideae Engl.)是山羊臭组中最大的亚组,主要分布于青藏高原及其周边地区。根据形态特征,可将唐古拉亚组划分为3个复合群,其中叶背边缘有突起叶脉的物种被归入异叶虎耳草复合群(S. diversifolia complex)。本研究通过标本查阅,选取异叶虎耳草复合群24个物种、2变种共657份标本,对其24个定性性状信息进行主成分分析和聚类分析;获取443条地理分布信息,构建复合群的分布式样。特征值大于1的前7个主成分的累计贡献率较低,仅为67.748%。“茎生叶是否具柄”“中下部茎生叶形态”“花序类型”“中下部茎生叶大小”“萼片脉纹于先端汇合”“叶基心形”等性状对前3个主成分的贡献值大,可作为异叶虎耳草复合群物种分类与鉴定的关键性状。基于形态聚类结果和地理分布式样,可将异叶虎耳草复合群划分为3个分支:喜马拉雅山南坡分支、环四川盆地山区分支以及横断山分支(包含一个广布种S. egregia)。主成分分析结果支持将异叶虎耳草复合群划分为3个分支。

关 键 词:异叶虎耳草复合群  数量分类学  形态学  分布式样  
收稿时间:2021-06-10

Numerical Taxonomy on Saxifraga diversifolia Complex(Saxifragaceae)
Xiaolei MA,Liukun JIA,Qian CAO,Shilong CHEN,Qingbo GAO.Numerical Taxonomy on Saxifraga diversifolia Complex(Saxifragaceae)[J].Bulletin of Botanical Research,2022,42(4):536-543.
Authors:Xiaolei MA  Liukun JIA  Qian CAO  Shilong CHEN  Qingbo GAO
Institution:1.Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding of Qinghai Province,Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 8100012.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 1000493.Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia,Kunming Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming 650201
Abstract:Saxifraga sect. Ciliatae Haworth belonging to Saxifraga Tourn. ex L. has highly species richness, but phylogenetic relationships within the section have not been well resolved. S. subsect. Hirculoideae Engl. is the largest subsection in sect. Ciliatae, which is mainly distributed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas. Based on the morphological characteristics, the subsect. of Hirculoideae was divided into three complex group, and the species attaching to the bumped vein at the leaf submarginal was classified to the S. diversifolia complex. Based on specimen inspection, the morphological and distributional data of 657 specimens from 24 species and two varieties were obtained, and 24 morphological characteristics of each specimen were used for principal component analysis and cluster analysis respectively. A total of 443 geographical distribution records was used to construct the distribution pattern of complex group. The cumulative contribution rate of the first seven principal components with an eigenvalues greater than one was low, only 67.748%. Among the characters of ‘cauline leaves petiolate’, ‘proximal median cauline leaves shape’, ‘inflorescence’, ‘proximal median cauline leaves size’, ‘sepal veins confluent at apex’, and ‘base of leaves cordate’, the contribution value of the first three principal components was large 0.6, could be used as the key characters for classification and identification of S. diversifolia complex. Based on morphological clustering and geographical distribution patterns, S. diversifolia complex could be divided into three branches: Himalayan Branch, Mountains Around Sichuan Basin Branch and Hengduan Mountains Branch(Contained a widespread species: S. egregia), and the result was also supported by PCA.
Keywords:Saxifraga diversifolia complex  numerical taxonomy  morphology  distribution  
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