樟子松无性系生长性状与结实量变异研究

为选育高产、优质的樟子松种质资源，本研究以吉林省白城市林木种子园的304个樟子松无性系为材料，对其生长性状（树高、地径、胸径、3 m处直径、冠幅、分枝角度和侧枝粗度）和结实性状（2015、2016和2017年的结实量）进行调查分析。方差分析结果表明除冠幅外无性系间各性状差异均达极显著水平（P<0.01）；各指标表型变异系数的变化范围为3.79%~65.22%，重复力变化范围为0.24~0.70；相关性分析结果表明除侧枝粗度与3 m处直径相关未达到显著水平外，树高、胸径、地径、冠幅与侧枝粗度间相关均达极显著水平，不同树龄的结实量与大部分生长性状相关未达显著水平。依据生长性状，以5%的入选率对无性系进行综合评价，15个无性系入选，入选无性系在树高、地径、胸径、3 m处直径、分枝角度和侧枝粗度等指标的遗传增益分别为5.47%、4.48%、15.18%、11.78%、2.38%和6.66%；依据3年结实量，以5%的入选率对无性系进行综合评价，15个无性系入选，入选无性系在2015年、2016年和2017年的平均结实量的遗传增益分别为2.89%、46.32%和13.88%。该研究为樟子松种子园优良无性系的选择提供材料，也为吉林西部樟子松良种选育提供基础。

Variation Analysis of Growth Traits and Coning Quantity of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica Clones

In order to obtain high yield and excellent quality resources of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica,304 P.sylvestris var.mongolica clones from the forest tree seed orchard in Baicheng City of Jilin Province were taken as materials,growth traits(tree height,basal diameter,diameter at breast height,diameter at 3 m height,canopy,branch angle and lateral branch thickness)and coning quantity characteristics(coning quantity of 2015,2016 and 2017)of different clones were investigated.By variance analysis,all the traits were significant different(P<0.01)except for canopy.The coefficients of phenotypic variation of all the traits ranged from 3.79%-65.22%.Repeatability range from 0.24-0.70;By correlation analysis,the existed significantly positive correlation among all the growth traits(0.181-0.896)except for lateral branch thickness with diameter at 3 m height(0.082).Most of growth traits with the different age of coning quantity was not significantly correlation By growth traits,with the selected rate by 5%,15 clones were selected as excellent clones,the genetic gains of height,basal diameter,diameter at 3 m height,branch angle and lateral branch thickness of the selected clones were 5.47%,4.48%,15.18%,11.78%,2.38%and 6.66%,respectively.When evaluated clones by coning quantity characteristics,with the selected rate by 5%,15 clones were selected as excellent clones,the genetic gains of coning quantity of 2015,2016 and 2017 of the selected clones were 2.89%,46.32%and 13.88%,respectively.This study provides materials for the selection of excellent clones of P.sylvestris var.mongolica seed orchard,and also provides a basis for the breeding of P.sylvestris var.mongolica for west of Baicheng,Jilin Province.