9种植物粗提物防治落叶松毛虫的试验

从生物防治的角度出发，以黑龙江省有毒杀虫植物为研究对象，从中选取9种省内分布范围较广的杀虫植物，根据其理化性质，采用索氏方法提取杀虫生理活性物质。在内蒙古赤峰市克什克腾旗经棚林场落叶松林内对落叶松毛虫(Dendrolimus superans Butler)进行了毒力测定和林间防治试验。应用兴安白头翁、朝鲜白芷、白藓、白屈菜、兴安藜芦及兴安白芷6种杀虫植物提取液稀释20倍液时，对落叶松毛虫3龄幼虫毒力作用效果较好，校正死亡率分别为85.0%、81.7%、80.0%、76.7%、73.3%和60.0%；应用兴安白头翁、白屈菜、兴安藜芦、白藓、朝鲜白芷5种杀虫植物粗提液稀释50倍时，对落叶松毛虫的防治效果分别为62.0％、60.4％、58.6％、58.6％、53.5％。并与生物药剂、植物源杀虫剂及化学农药进行了药效比较分析，其研究结果为林木害虫的生物防治及有毒植物资源的开发和利用提供理论依据。

Experiment on Controlling Dendrolimus superans Butler with Crude Extracts of Nine Plants

From the aspect of biological control,the physical and chemical properties of venomous insecticidal plants in Heilongjiang province were studied,and physiologically active substances for insecticides were extracted from 9 kinds of insecticidal plants widely distributed in Heilongjiang province with Soxhlet-extraction method.The virulence test and control experiment with Dendrolimus superans Butler in larch forests of Keshiketeng County Jingpeng forestry centre in Chifeng of the Inner Mongolia were carried out.The 20 times diluents of extracts of 6 insecticidal plants including Pulsatilla dahurica(fisch.)Spr.,Angelica amurensis Schischk.,Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz.,Chelidonium majus L.,Veratrum dahuricum Loes.f.and Angelica dahurica(Fisch.ex Hoffm.) Benth.et Hook.f.ex Franch.et Sav..exhibited good virulence effect on the 3-year larvae of Dendrolimus superans Butler,and the emendation mortalities were 85.0%,81.7%,80.0%,76.7%,73.3% and 60.0%,respectively.The control efficiency of 50 times diluents of extracts of 5 insecticidal plants including Pulsatilla dahurica(fisch.)Spr.,Chelidonium majus L.,Veratrum dahuricum Loes.f.,Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz.,and Angelica amurengis Sehischk.on the Dendrolimus superans Butler were 62.0%,60.4%,58.6%,58.6% and 53.5%,respectively.The drug effects were compared to those of biological medicaments,botanical pesticides and chemical pesticides,and the results of this study provided references for the biological control of forest pests as well as the exploitation and utilization of venomous plant resources.