黄芪复合体(豆科)核型资料的聚类分析

在平均欧氏距离系数基础上,运用UPGMA法,对黄芪复合体5个类群11个居群的核型资料进行了Q型聚类分析,结果表明,膜荚黄芪Astragalus membranaceus和A. penduliflorus的不同居群在核型上存在明显的差异,但二者之间以及它们与民和黄芪、淡紫花黄芪的居群之间具有一定的连续性。蒙古黄芪在核型上与其它类群均存在一定的差异,且存在明显的间断。因此,本文作者认为:A. penduliflorus应视为膜荚黄芪的异名,黄芪复合体应包括2种:膜荚黄芪(A. membranaceus(Fisch)Bunge)和蒙古黄芪(A. monghulicus Bunge)、2亚种:膜荚黄芪(A. membranaceus spp. membranaceus)、民和黄芪(A. membranaceus spp. minhensis)和1变种:淡紫花黄芪(A. membranaceus var. purpurinus Y.C.Ho)。黄芪复合体核型的进化趋势是从对称向不对称发展,与Stebbins的观点一致。

CLUSTER ANALYSIS FOR KARYOTYPE OF ASTRAGALUS PENDULIFLORUS LAM. COMPLEX (LEGUMINOSAE)

On the basis of average Euclidean distance coefficient, using UPGMA, Q cluster analysis for karyotype of 11 populations in 5 taxa of Astragalus penduliflorus Lam. Complex have been conduc-ted. The results show that the karyotype of the eight populations of A. penduliflorus Lam , A. membranaceus var. membranaceus, A. minhensis and A. membranaceus var. purpurinus are vary in contin-uous pattern, while they are distinguished to the three population of A. membranaceus var. monghuli-cus in a interval pattern. As a result, we proposed that A. pendulifloms Lam should be treated as the synonym of A. membranaceus, and the complex might include two species(A. membranaceus(Fisch) Bunge and A. monghulicus Bunge) , two subspecies (A. membranaceus spp. Membranaceus and A. membranaceus spp. Minhensis) , and one variety (A. membranaceus var. purpurinus ). The evolution of the karyotype of Astragalus pendulifloms Lam. Complex is consistent to Stebbins who regarded the evolution of the Karyotype in plants is from symmetry to dissymmetry