无距虾脊兰果实发育及其解剖学特征

以授粉后无距虾脊兰不同发育阶段的蒴果为材料，对果实生长动态进行研究，并用石蜡切片法进行果实结构研究。观察结果表明：无距虾脊兰果实授粉至授粉后40 d生长速度最快。果实由3心皮组成，横切面为6瓣，3瓣有胎座，3瓣无胎座，开裂后6瓣于顶端连接。发育的过程中，果皮细胞层数及果实内外表皮细胞体积不变，果实直径的增加主要来自于细胞平周分裂和中果皮细胞体积的增大。果实成熟时只有少数细胞有细胞壁增厚现象，开裂线的前体细胞细胞壁发生木质化并向不同方向收缩导致果实的开裂。

Fruit Growth and Anatomical Characteristics of Calanthe tsoongiana T. Tang et F.T.Wang

The capsules of Calanthe tsoongiana T. Tang et F. T. Wang. in different development stages were collected and the growth dynamic of the fruits was studied. The anatomical development was observed by the method of paraffin sections. The results showed that the first 40 days is the fastest growth period of capsules. C.tsoongiana is tricarpellate, showing a pattern of six valves in cross section: three fertile and three sterile. The six half-carpels remain joined at the apex. The increase in the fruit diameter results mainly from cell division between valves and the increased volume of mesocarp cells and not from the number of cell layers. The volume of exocarp and endocarp remain unchanged in different development stages. In the mature fruit of C.tsoongiana, only a few cells show parietal thickening. The precursor cells of the dehiscence line become lignified on their cell walls in mature fruits, the fertile and sterile valves contract in opposite directions, resulting in a longitudinal rupture.