培育年限对刺五加主要药用活性成分的影响

为评价不同培育年限对刺五加根、茎部多种活性成分积累的共同影响，对提高刺五加培育和高值利用具有重要作用，可为规范化种植和合理开发利用刺五加提供理论依据。采集同一产地三年生、五年生、九年生刺五加为实验样本，运用超高效液相色谱系统（Ultra-Performance LC，Waters，Japan）分析不同培育年限对刺五加根、茎中槲皮苷、金丝桃苷、芦丁、紫丁香苷、刺五加苷E、异嗪皮啶6种活性成分含量的同时影响。结果表明，五年生刺五加根、茎中6种主要活性成分的综合得分最高。其中，黄酮类成分槲皮苷在三年生根中含量最高，在五年生茎中含量最高；芦丁在五年生根及茎中含量均最高，在根中三年生含量最低，九年生茎中含量最低；金丝桃苷在五年生根及三年生茎中含量最高。苯丙素类成分异嗪皮啶在三年生根及茎中含量最高，在五年生根和茎中含量最低；紫丁香苷在九年生根中含量最高，在五年茎中含量最高；刺五加E在五年生根中含量最高，在三年生茎中含量最高。不同药用成分在不同生长阶段的刺五加根和茎中积累不同，定向培育可根据目的活性成分选择适合的采收年限。

Effects of Different Growth Stages on Secondary Metabolites of Acanthopanax senticosus

The common influence of different cultivation years on the accumulation of various active components in the root and stem of Acanthopanax senticosus was evaluated. It was important for raising the cultivation and high value utilization of A.senticosus. It provide a theoretical basis for standardized planting and rational exploitation and utilization of A.senticosus. The A.senticosus of different growth stage was collected from the same origin, and the Ultra-Performance LC(Waters, Japan) was used to analyze different growth stages of six secondary metabolites in the A.senticosus roots and stems. The total score of six main active components in root and stem of A.senticosus was the highest in five years. Among them, quercetin has the highest content in three-year rooting and the highest content in five-year stem; rutin has the highest content in five year roots and stems, the lowest in three-years in root and lowest in nine-year stem; Hyperoside is the highest in five-year root and three-year stem. The content of isofraxidin in three year root and stem is the highest, and the content of root and stem is the lowest in five years. The content of syringin is the highest in nine-year root and in five-year stem. The highest content of eleutheroside e in the five-year rooting is the highest in the three-year stem. Different medicinal ingredients accumulated differently in roots and stems of A.senticosus in different cultivation years and targeted cultivation could select suitable harvest years according to the active components.