山东昆嵛山植物区系初步研究

昆嵛山地处胶东半岛 ,属于暖温带气候类型 ;植物种类丰富 ,有维管植物 1 32科 ,5 71属 ,1 0 5 8种。地理成分复杂 ,区系类型多样 ,现有 5 71个属可分为 1 5个分布型及 1 2个变型。区系组成的大科及主要科共 1 6科 ,即菊科 ,禾本科 ,豆科 ,蔷薇科 ,莎草科 ,百合科 ,十字花科 ,蓼科等 ,共有植物 2 85属 ,61 2种 ,占昆嵛山种子植物总属数的 5 1 .82 % ,总种数的 5 9.94% ,它们构成了昆嵛山植物区系的基本框架。Raunkiaer生活型组成依次为高位芽植物 ( 34.40 % ) >地面芽植物 ( 2 7.1 3% ) >一年生植物 ( 1 9.66% ) >隐芽植物 ( 9.64% ) >地上芽植物 ( 9.1 7% )。本文在主要区系地理成分分析的基础上 ,得出本区系植物具有以下 4个特点 :( 1 )植物种类丰富 ,温带成分优势明显 ,热带成分比例较大 ( 2 )分布类型多样 ,地理成分复杂 ,显示出多方植物交汇的特点 ( 3)区系成分具有一定的古老性 ,单种属成分较多 ,区系的特有程度较低 ( 4 )珍稀濒危种类丰富 ,在科的层次上较为集中

PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON THE FLORA OF KUNYU MOUNTAIN IN SHANDONG PROVINCE

Kunyu mountain is located in Jiaodong peninsula and is typical of warm Tempreate Zone. The species of plants are abundant. There are 1 058 species which belong to 132 families and 571 genera. The flora is complex in geographical elements, having 15 types and 12 subtypes. There are 16 large and major families in this area, such as, Compositae,Gramineae, Leguminose, Rosaceae, Cyperaceae, Liliaceae, Cruciferae, Polygonaceae; The number of them is 285 genera and 612 species, they make up 51.2 per cent of the total genera and 59.94 per cent of the total species and become the basic frame of the flora composition of Kunyu mountain. The composition of Raunkeaer's life form are arranged, Ghanerophytes(34.40%)>Hemicryptophytes(27.13%)>Therophytes(19.66%)>Cryptophytes(9.64%)>Chamaephytes(9.17%). Based on the analysis of the dominant geographical elements of the flora. The paper has discussed the major characters of the flora as follows, (1) the species of plants is rich and it is obvious that temperate elements play important roles in this place, at the same time ,the proportion of tropical elements is high. (2) The flora is diverse in distribution types and is complex in geographical elements, and the characters that the flora connects widely with others have advented. (3) The flora shows a certain old in origin and a certain low in endemicity, furthermore, having a good number of monotypic genus. (4) The species of rare and endangered plants are rich and assemble at the level of family to a certain degree.