高温干旱对不同品种辣椒生长及呼吸作用的影响

研究了高温干旱胁迫对不同品种辣椒生长及呼吸作用的影响。结果表明，高温胁迫对正椒13号的生长无影响，对鸡爪×吉林的生长稍有抑制；干旱及高温干旱严重地抑制了辣椒的生长。干旱导致叶片相对电导率的增加高于高温，而高温加剧了干旱伤害程度，并且对鸡爪×吉林的伤害更大。高温处理引起了辣椒总呼吸、细胞色素呼吸和交替呼吸的增加。干旱胁迫抑制了细胞色素呼吸，但诱导了交替呼吸的增强；高温干旱共同胁迫加剧了总呼吸和细胞色素呼吸的下降，交替呼吸只在胁迫第一天被促进，随后立即下降。高温、干旱和高温干旱胁迫下正椒13号表现出了较鸡爪×吉林更强的交替呼吸和总呼吸。说明高温、干旱和高温干旱胁迫下辣椒保持较高的总呼吸和交替呼吸与其抗高温和/或干旱能力相关。

Effects of Heat and Drought Stresses on Growth and Tespiration in Different Cultivar of Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

The effects of heat and drought on growth and respiration in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) were studied. Heat stress resulted in a growth reduction in cultivar of Jizhao×Jilin, but not in Zhengjiao No.13. Drought, especially drought under heat, significantly inhibited the growth of peppers. Drought also increased the ion leakage from leaves more than heat and heat strengthened the injury of drought to peppers, which was more seirous observed in Jizhao×Jilin than Zhengjia No.13 did. Heat induced increases both in total, cytochrome and alternative pathway respirations, while drought strongly decreased cytochrome respiration, but increased alternative respiration. Cross effect from both drought and heat strongly decreased both total and cytochrome respirations, however, alternative respiration increased significantly at the initial 1d and then decreased sharply. Zhengjiao No.13 showed higher alternative and total respirations than Jizhao×Jilin under heat or/and drought stresses. These results suggest that higher heat or/and drought tolerance of pepper is associated with the capacity to keep high total and alternative respirations under stresses.