外源硫化氢对盐碱胁迫下裸燕麦叶片有机酸和激素含量的影响

为探讨外源硫化氢（H₂S）对盐碱胁迫下植物有机酸和激素水平的调控效应，以裸燕麦（Avena nuda）为材料，研究喷施50 μmol·L^-1 H₂S供体硫氢化钠（NaHS）溶液对3.00 g·kg^-1盐碱胁迫下叶片有机酸、激素含量和产量性状的影响。结果表明：盐碱胁迫显著提高了琥珀酸、丁烯二酸、苹果酸、葡萄糖醛酸和总有机酸含量，显著降低了焦谷氨酸、茉莉酸-异亮氨酸（JA-Ile）、反式-玉米素（tZ）和N⁶-（Δ²-异戊烯）腺嘌呤（iP）含量。喷施NaHS溶液显著提高盐碱胁迫下裸燕麦叶片中3-羟基-3-甲基谷氨酸、吲哚乙酸（IAA）、赤霉素A₇（GA₇）、茉莉酸甲酯（MJA）、iP含量和IAA/ABA比值，显著降低葡萄糖醛酸、赤霉素A₃（GA₃）、赤霉素A₄（GA₄）、总赤霉素（GA_S）、1-氨基环丙烷羧酸（ACC）含量和ACC/ABA比值，而对琥珀酸、丁烯二酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸、丙二酸、泛酸、烟酸、焦谷氨酸、辛二酸、苯丙酮酸、总有机酸、赤霉素A₁（GA₁）、茉莉酸（JA）、JA-Ile、脱落酸（ABA）、tZ、反式-玉米素核苷（tZR）、N⁶-（Δ²-异戊烯基）腺苷（iPA）、总茉莉酸类（JAs）、细胞分裂素（CTK）含量、GAs/ABA、JAs/ABA、CTK/ABA比值无显著影响。主成分分析表明，喷施NaHS溶液使盐碱胁迫下裸燕麦叶片中有机酸3-羟基-3-甲基谷氨酸和激素MJA、GA₇、tZ、IAA含量分别显著上调14.31%和41.83%、50.00%、22.97%、13.02%；而有机酸烟酸、葡萄糖醛酸和激素GA₄、ACC、tZR、GA₃含量分别显著下调16.00%、23.87%和73.53%、32.72%、50.00%、33.91%。另外，喷施NaHS溶液使盐碱胁迫下裸燕麦千粒质量下降了5.91%，而穗数量、穗铃数量、穗粒数量和籽粒产量分别提高了2.19%、9.70%、61.60%和52.83%。表明外源H₂S参与盐碱胁迫下裸燕麦有机酸和激素水平的调控，能够增强裸燕麦适应盐碱胁迫的能力。

Effects of Exogenous Hydrogen Sulfide on Contents of Organic Acids and Hormones in Leaves of Avena nuda under Saline-Alkali Stress

In order to explore the regulatory effect of exogenous hydrogen sulfide（H₂S） on the levels of organic acids and hormones in plants under saline-alkali stress， naked oats（Avena nuda） were used as materials to study the effect of spraying 50 μmol·L^-1 H₂S donor sodium hydrosulfide（NaHS） solution on the contents of organic acids and hormones in leaves and yield traits under 3.00 g·kg^-1 saline-alkali stress. The results showed that saline-alkali stress significantly increased the contents of succinic acid， butenedioic acid， malic acid， glucuronic acid and total organic acids， respectively， but significantly decreased the contents of pyroglutamic acid， jasmonoyl-isoleucine（JA-Ile）， trans-zeatin（tZ） and N⁶-（Δ²-Isopentenyl） adenine（iP） in leaves respectively. Under saline-alkali stress， spraying NaHS solution significantly increased the contents of 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid， indole-3-acetic acid（IAA）， gibberellin A₇（GA₇）， methyl jasmonate（MJA）， iP and IAA/ABA ratio， respectively， but significantly decreased the contents of glucuronic acid， gibberellin A₃（GA₃）， gibberellin A₄（GA₄）， total gibberellins（GAs）， 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid（ACC） and ACC/ABA ratio respectively， while it had no significant effect on the contents of succinic acid， butenedioic acid， malic acid， citric acid， malonic acid， pantothenic acid， nicotinic acid， pyroglutamic acid， suberic acid， phenylpyruvic acid， total organic acids， gibberellin A₁（GA₁）， jasmonic acid（JA）， JA-Ile， abscisic acid（ABA）， tZ， trans-zeatin-riboside（tZR）， N⁶-（Δ²-isopentenyl） adenosine（iPA）， total jasmonic acids（JAs）， cytokinin（CTK） and the ratios of GAs/ABA， JAs/ABA and CTK/ABA respectively. The principal component analysis showed that spraying NaHS solution significantly increased the contents of organic acid 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid and hormones MJA， GA₇， tZ and IAA in leaves of naked oat under saline-alkali stress by 14.31%， 41.83%， 50.00%， 22.97% and 13.02%， respectively； while the contents of organic acids nicotinic acid， glucuronic acid and hormones GA₄， ACC， tZR and GA₃ were significantly decreased by 16.00%， 23.87%， 73.53%， 32.72%， 50.00% and 33.91%， respectively. In addition， the application of NaHS solution reduced the 1 000 grain weight of naked oat under saline-alkali stress by 5.91%， while spike number， boll number per spike， spike grain numbers and grain yield were increased by 2.19%， 9.70%， 61.60% and 52.83%， respectively. These results indicated that exogenous H₂S participates in the regulation of organic acid and hormone levels of naked oat under salt-alkali stress， which could enhance the ability of naked oat to adapt to salt-alkali stress.