玫瑰精油的化学成分及其抗菌活性

通过水蒸汽同步蒸馏法提取玫瑰精油，采用GC-MS方法分析了玫瑰精油的化学组成，共鉴定出其中14个化学成分并测定其相对含量,占总含量的95.25%。香茅醇为玫瑰精油的主要成分，相对含量为90.37%。体外抑菌实验表明,玫瑰精油除对黑曲霉没有抗菌活性外，对其它7种供试菌均具有不同程度的抑制作用,其中对表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)为0.063%(v/v)，对枯草芽孢杆菌、变形杆菌和白色念珠菌的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）为0.125%(v/v)，而对绿脓杆菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)的抗菌活性相对较弱，MIC为0.5%(v/v)。抑菌直径结果也表明了玫瑰精油除对黑曲霉、绿脓杆菌的抗菌活性较弱外，对其它6种菌株的抑菌直径都大于8.5 mm。考察了玫瑰精油对3种敏感菌株包括金黄色葡萄球菌(革兰氏阳性菌)、大肠杆菌(革兰氏阴性菌)和白色念珠菌(真菌)的杀菌动态过程，为玫瑰精油的应用提供了理论依据。

Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oil from Rosa rugosa Thunb

The rose essential oil was extracted using simultaneous steam distillation, and the chemical composition was analyzed by GC-MS, which identified a total of 14 chemical components and the total content was 95.25%. Citronellol is the main component of the essential oil, the relative content was 90.37%. Antimicrobial activity showed that rose essential oil possessed different excent antimicrobial activity to seven kinds of bacteria except for Aspergillus niger, in which, the MIC values of rose essential oil against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were all 0.063% v/v, the MIC values of rose essential oil against Bacillus subtilis, Proteus vulgaris and Candida albicans were all 0.125% v/v, however, the antibacterial activity of the essential oil against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was relatively weak, MIC was 0.500% v/v. The results of inhibition diameters also showed that inhibition diameters of rose essential oil against six strains were higher than 8.5 mm except for A. niger and P. aeruginosa. The bactericidal dynamic studies of rose essential oil against three-sensitive strains including S. aureus(gram-positive bacteria), E. coli(gram-negative bacteria) and C. albicans(fungi) were investigated, which provides a theoretical basis for the application of rose essential oil.