不同土壤环境对黄花蒿生长和青蒿素含量的影响研究

通过田间小区试验，比较研究了施肥与不施肥条件下，4种土壤环境（沙土、旱地土、水稻土和棕色石灰土）对黄花蒿的生长、生物量分配和青蒿素含量的影响。结果表明：黄花蒿对土壤养分的适应性较强，在沙土、旱地土、水稻土和石灰土上均能生长发育，养分水平低时，分配更多的生物量到根，根生物量分数和根/冠比增大；养分水平高时，分配更多的生物量到叶，叶生物量分数增加。黄花蒿的生长和青蒿素含量显著受土壤养分的影响，不施肥时，石灰土和水稻土栽培黄花蒿的株高、地径、总生物量、叶生物量和青蒿素含量显著大于旱地土，而旱地土又显著大于沙土。但在施肥条件下，以上参数不同土壤间无显著差异，且显著高于不施肥。因此，只要根据土壤养分状况合理施肥，黄花蒿在不同养分土壤栽培均能获得较高的青蒿素产量。

Effect of Different Soil Conditions on The Growth and Artemisinin Content of Artemisia annua L. Seedlings

Field plot trials involving 4 soil conditions (sand, upland soil, paddy soil and brown calcareous soil) were conducted under fertilized and un-fertilized conditions. Then the effect of soil conditions on the growth, biomass allocation and artemisinin content of Artemisia annua were investigated. The results showed that, A.annua could adequately acclimate to different soil conditions. It could grow and develop in sand, upland soil, paddy soil and brown calcareous soil, and respond to heterogeneity soil nutrient availability by adusting biomass partitioning to various organs. Under the low soil nutrient level, A.annua allocated more biomass to root, and its root mass fraction and root mass/crown mass were significantly increased. Under the high soil nutrient level, it allocated more biomass to leaf, and its leaf mass fraction was significantly increased. The growth and artemisinin content of A.annua were affected significantly by soil nutrient. Under un-fertilized condition, the height, basal diameter, total biomass, leaf biomass and artemisinin content of A.annua planted in paddy soil and calcareous soil were significantly higher than those planted in upland soil and sand, and the parameters presented above were significantly higher in upland soil than in sand. Whereas those parameters were not significantly different among soil conditions under fertilized condition, and those parameters were significantly higher than those under un-fertilized condition. Consequently, it can gain high artemisinin yield through suitable fertilizing.