黑龙江省植物花期对气温变化的响应

为了解黑龙江省植物花期对气温变化的响应趋势。利用1951~2007年采集于黑龙江省的188种植物标本信息,分析黑龙江省植物花期变化与年均温、上年均温和春季、夏季、秋季均温变化的关系。结果表明:黑龙江省42.0%以上植物的花期与气温间存在显著的相关性(P<0.05)。这些植物中,25%以上物种的相对采集时间指数与年均温、上年均温及各季节均温存在显著正相关(P<0.05)关系,且多为草本植物。其余草本植物及木本植物的相对采集时间指数与年均温、上年均温及各季节均温多呈显著负相关(P<0.05),如春季均温每升高1℃,木本植物花期平均提前12.65%。年均温、上年均温和春季、夏季、秋季均温每升高1℃,黑龙江省植物花期分别整体提前4.47%、7.08%、3.87%、5.84%和6.73%。花期对气温变化的响应,在短花期植物中相对明显。相较于春季、秋季及年均温,黑龙江省植物花期对夏季均温变化的响应更为敏感。

Response of Flowing Time to Temperature Changein Heilongjiang Province

In order to clarify the responding tendency of florescence to temperature change in Heilongjiang Province,the relationship between plant florescence change and the annual mean temperature change in spring,summer,autumn in the present year and the last year were analyzed according to 188 herbarium plant species(contain infra-species taxa),which were collected from Heilongjiang Province in period of 1951?2007.The results showed that was a significant correlation(P<0.05)between florescence of more than 42% plants and temperature in Heilongjiang Province.In these plants,the relative collection time index of more than 25%species had significant positive correlation with annual mean temperatures of current,last year and season(P<0.05),and most of these were herbs.The relative collection time index of the rest of herbs and woody plants had significant negative correlation with annual mean temperatures of current,last year and season(P<0.05),for example,when the annual average temperature in spring increased to 1℃,the flowering period of woody plants precocious flowered 12.65%on average.Plant florescence was 4.47%,7.08%,3.87%,5.84% and 6.73% ahead of schedule respectively in Heilongjiang Province if the annual average temperature increased to 1℃in spring,summer,autumn of the current year and last year.The florescence response to temperature changes was relatively obvious in short florescence plants.The florescence response to the change of the annual mean temperature in summer was more sensitive than that in spring,autumn of the current year in Heilongjiang Province.