天然红松遗传多样性在时间尺度上变化的RAPD分析

应用RAPD技术对凉水国家自然保护区的天然红松(Pinus koraiensis)种群在时间尺度上的遗传多样性变化和遗传分化进行了分析。选择树龄为1~100 a的红松个体,每10 a为1个龄级,共采集样本245个。10个随机引物共检测到61个位点,其中多态位点50个,多态位点比率为81.97%。Shannon指数龄级间遗传多样性占总多样性的16.43%,Nei指数龄级间遗传分化为13.64%,两种指数都表明,红松在时间尺度上的遗传分化比空间尺度的低,红松的遗传变异主要存在于龄级内。本研究结果证实,凉水保护区内的红松遗传多样性在近100 a的时间内出现过大小两次波动,目前该地区的红松遗传多样性正处于上升时期;历史上小规模的采伐虽然暂时降低了红松的遗传多样性,但由于保护区的及时建立,红松的遗传多样性得到了有效的恢复。

RAPD analysis on variation of genetic diversity of natural Pinus koraiensis in temporal dimension

With RAPD method,the paper studied genetic diversity and differentiation in temporal dimension of natural population of Pinus koraiensis in Liangshui National Nature Reserve. Total 245 P.Koraiensis samples aged from 1 to 100 years were grouped 10 age classes every 10 years. 61 repeatable loci in which 50 were polymophic were obtained from 10 random primers and percentage of polymophic loci was 81.97%. In age class level, genetic differentiation of Shannon diversity index and Nei index was 16.43% and 13.64%. Two indexes showed genetic differentiation in temporal dimension is lower than in space and genetic variation existed within age class. Result showed that genetic diversity of P.koraiensis in Liangshui national nature reserve fluctuated twice in 100 years and is ascending at present. Though genetic diversity of P.koraiensis decreased temporarily after some small fellings, it has restored effectively because of establishment of the nature reserve.