丹江口库区双河一号旧石器地点发掘简报

丹江口库区双河一号旧石器地点位于河南省淅川县双河镇,埋藏于丹江左岸第三级阶地棕红色黏土层中。2010年中国科学技术大学科技史与科技考古系受河南省文物局南水北调文物保护办公室委托,对该地点进行了考古发掘,揭露面积400m2,出土石制品225件。石制品类型有石核、石片、石器、断块和裂片等。古人类选择河卵石为原料进行剥片和加工石器,岩性以石英岩为主;硬锤锤击法为剥片的主要技术;石制品总体以中小型居多;石器主要以砾石为毛坯,砍砸器是主要类型;石器多在砾石一端采用锤击法加工而成。石制品特点显示中国南方砾石石器工业的因素,同时石制品组合中出现了片状毛坯加工的尖状器。地貌和地层对比显示该地点形成于中更新世。

The excavation of the Shuanghe Paleolithic Locality 1 in the Danjiangkou Reservoir Region

The Shuanghe Paleolithic locality 1 buried in the third terrace of the left bank of the Danjiang River, and located in the Shuanghe town, Xichuan County, Henan Province. The locality was excavated from 2010 by the Department of history of Science & Scientific Archaeology of University of Science & Technology of China, as a salvageable archaeological project due to the construction of the Danjiang Reservoir dam at a higher latitude. The excavation exposed an area of 400m2. A total of 225 stone artifacts were unearthed. The stone assemblage includes cores, flakes, retouched tools, chunks and split and so on. Human mainly used quartz cobbles to flake and retouch tools. The principal flaking technique was direct hammer percussion. Most stone artifacts were small or medium in size. Pebble retouched tools were dominated, especially choppers. Most tools were retouched in one end of the pebble. The characteristics contained South China Paleolithic industry elements, as well the flake tools were in appearance. The Stratigraphic and topographic comparison with other site showed that the site likely formed in the Middle Pleistocene.