四川简阳龙垭遗址出土的石制品

龙垭旧石器遗址位于四川省简阳市沱江二级支流康家河左岸,2010年7~9月,四川省文物考古研究院等单位对该遗址进行了抢救性发掘,清理面积87 m²,出土石制品559件,动物骨骼化石数千件。石制品原料多选用砾石,岩性以石英岩为主,其次有硅化木、石英等。石制品类型主要有石核、石片、断块及手镐、大型石刀、似手斧、重型刮削器、砍砸器、刮削器、尖状器、凹缺器和石球等石器,并有三组可拼合标本。从石制品面貌上看,古人类能够剥取大石片、以之加工石器,两面器技术不典型,初步呈现出似阿舍利技术特征。光释光测年显示,遗址年代可能达到旧石器时代中期。这批材料为研究四川盆地中部丘陵地区沱江流域更新世人类生存、生产提供了重要资料。

Stone artifacts unearthed from the Longya site in Jianyang,Sichuan Province

The Longya site, buried in the front margin of the first terrace on the bank of the Kangjiahe River, is located in Longya village, Jiancheng town, Jianyang County, Sichuan Province. It is excavated from July to September 2010 by the Sichuan Province Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology as a salvageable archaeological project. The excavation exposed an area of 87 m². Four stratigraphic layers were identified at the site. A total of 559 stone artifacts were unearthed from the bottom of third and fourth layers, including cores, flakes, bifaces, knives, cleavers, heavy-duty scrapers, choppers, scrapers, points, etc. Three groups of artifacts were refitted. It is revealed that the lithic raw materials were locally available from ancient riverbeds, and quartzite is the predominant raw material. Direct hard hammer percussion without core preparation is the principal flaking technique. Heavy-duty tools including the handaxes, knives, cleavers, heavy-duty scrapers and choppers are the main types. Most whole flakes were produced with a natural platform. Basing on technological characters, the lithic assemblage could be considered as a Chinese variant of an Acheulean-like (Mode 2) industry. Preliminary OSL dating and technological comparisons between lithic artifacts collected from the Hanzhong Basin, Luonan Basin, Lantian Basin, and Danjiang Reservoir Region, human occupation of the site was not late than the Middle Paleolithic Age. The excavation gives us more evidence to the study of early human culture, early human migration and clarify the cultural relationship between Sichuan Basin and surrounding area.