贵州王卡苗族体质人类学研究

本文对374名(男196人,女178人)世居在贵州的王卡苗族进行活体观察和测量(观察项目28个,测量项目64个)。调查对象年龄20—55岁三代均为苗族。分析结果表明:王卡苗族圆头型多见;超狭面型为主;属中鼻型;矮型身材。与我国南方其他18个少数民族群体9项头面部测量指标和身高数据聚类分析,结果显示王卡苗族的体质特征与白裤瑶最为接近,与贵州毛南族、湖南侗族次之。贵州王卡苗族属蒙古人种南亚类型,具有现代黄种人的容貌特征。

A Study on the Physical Anthropology of the Miao Nationality of Wangka in Guizhou

An assessment of the somatoscopy and anthropometry of 374 Miao nationality adults(196 males and 178 females) living in Wangka village of Fuquan city in Guizhou was carried out in July 2004.These individuals were aged between 20 and 55 years,and included parents,and paternal and maternal grandparents.Twenty-eight observations and sixty-four measurements were made.The results of the assessment are summarized as follows:1.The average stature of males is 1542.13mm,and of females is 1443.91mm,both considered to be of the short type.Arm span is longer than that of stature in both sexes.Most of the individuals were characterized by brachycephaly,hyperleptoproscopy,and mesorrhiny.The Miao nationality in this sample belongs to the South Asian type of Mongoloid race.2.Comparing the Miao in Wangka village with 18 other minorities living in southern China,the physical character of the Miao is most closely related to the Baiku Yao living in Libo County of Guizhou and Nandan county of Guangxi,and is remotely related to those of the Maonan in Guizhou,Dong in Hunan.