四川凉山彝族的人体测量学

本文调查了402例(男197例,女205例)彝族成人的68项体质指标,计算了20项体质指数,对凉山彝族体质进行了初步分析。结果表明:1)四川凉山彝族头面部主要特征为圆头型、中鼻型、狭面型。体部特征为中躯干型、中骨盆型,彝族男性为亚中等型身材,女性为中等型身材;2)四川彝族与广西、云南彝族比较,头宽、额最小宽、形态面高值最大;头长值小;口裂宽、鼻宽居中;面宽值接近,鼻型均为中鼻型。四川彝族男性身高与云南彝族接近,明显高于广西彝族(p<0.01),四川彝族女性身材明显高于云南彝族和广西彝族(p<0.01);3)四川凉山彝族体质特征与阿昌族、怒族、仡佬族等南方少数民族较接近,与四川汉族最接近。

A study of the anthropometrics of the Liangshan Yi people in Sichuan Province

We investigated 87 physical characteristics and calculated 20 physical indices of 402 adults (197 males and 205 females) of the Liangshan Yi nationality in Sichuan Province. The results showed the following details. The main features of head-face characteristics of the Liangshan Yi nationality were brachycephaly, mesorrhiny and leptoprosopy. Body traits indicated a medium trunk type and medium pelvic type. Heights of Yi men were sub-medium in contrast to women who were in the middle range. A comparison of the Yi nationality in Sichuan to those found in Yunnan and Guangxi provinces showed values of head breadth, minimum frontal breadth, and morphological face length were the highest. In this comparison, values of head length, mouth breadth and nasal breadth values were in the medium range, and face breadth values are similar among the three groups. Nasal types were all mesorrhiny. The height of Yi males in Sichuan was similar to Yi males in Yunnan but higher than Yi males in Guangxi (P<0.01). The height of Yi females in Sichuan was significantly higher than Yi females in Yunnan and Guangxi (P<0.01). In conclusion, the physical characteristics of the Liangshan Yi nationality in Sichuan were similar to the Sichuan Han nationality, Achang, Gelao and other southern groups of China.