长安区7—18岁农村学生形态发育10年变化分析

目的分析长安区农村学生身体形态发育的10年动态变化和规律，为学校卫生管理部门制定相应政策提供科学的依据。方法采取分层、整群随机抽样方法，选取长安区农村学生1990年与1999年身高、体重两项指标进行统计分析。结果10年间长安区农村学生身体形态发育有明显改善，7—18岁男、女学生身高10年平均增长2.23cm、1.93cm，体重平均增长1.74kg、1.21kg，其增长幅度均低于全国农村学生水平。1999年最大年增长值和最大年增长率均低于1990年，身高、体重发育高峰年龄女生分别提前0.77岁、0.32岁，男生推后0.52岁、0.60岁。结论本地区农村学生身体形态发育仍处于生长长期趋势中，但增长速度已经减慢，学生生长发育的潜力有待充分发挥。

ANALYSIS OF THE PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS AGED 7-18 IN RURAL AREA OF CHANG'AN DISTRICT DURING TEN YEARS

Objective This paper analyzed the changes of the physical development of students in rural area of Chang'an District during the ten years from 1990 through 1999.Methods Stratified and cluster sampling method were applied to collect two parameters (body height and weight)of students of every primary school and high school in Chang'an District.Results The physical development of rural students in Chang'an District improved significantly during the ten years.In the decade,the mean height of male and female of rural students aged 7_18 years old increased 2^23cm and 1^93cm respectively while the average of their weight increased 1^74kg and 1^21kg respectively.But these values increased were lower than that of rural students in the national investigation of China.The maximum annual increment and the maximum annual incremental rate in 1999 were lower than those in 1990.The peak height velocity and the peak weight velocity of female students in 1999 appeared 0^77 and 0^32 year earlier than in 1990 while that of the male student were 0^52 and 0^6 year later respectively. Couclusions The physical cevelopment of rural students in the area was still progresing as that shown in secular growth trend,but the velocity became slower.The growth potential of the students remained to be brought into full play.