甘肃东乡族体质特征研究

RESEARCH ON THE PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DONGXIANG NATIONALITY IN GANSU PROVINCE,NORTHWEST CHINA

The Dongxiang people (106 males and 101 females) living in the Dongxiang County of Gansu Province were investigated and measured anthropometrically from July to September in 1988. The age ranges are from 23 to 55 in male and 20 to 50 in female. Their parents and grandparents are all of Dongxiang nationality. The items of 44 direct measurements, 8 indirect measurements and 48 indices were studied. The measurements and indices of all individuals were classified into 15 different types according to the standards of Martin and Sailer (1957). The conclusions are as follows: The mean stature of males is 1667 ram, and that of females is 1542 mm. In stature type, the frequency of medium and tall is 48.1% and short, medium short is 27.2% in males, the frequency of short and medium short is 41.6%, medium and tall is 34.7% in females. According to five different indices (eu-eu/g-op, auricular height/g-op, auricular height/ eu-eu, n-gn/zy-zy and nasal breadth/nasal height), most of the head types belong to mesoce-phaly, hypsicephaly and laptorostriocephaly respectively in both males and females. Most of the facial types belong to leptoprosopy and hyperleptoprosopy in both males and females. Most of the nasal types belong to leptorrhiny in both males and females. On the basis of constitutional characteristics of Dongxiang nationality, together with other evidences, the present authors prefer the "fusion" hypothesis of the origin of Dongxiang nationality, that is the Dongxiang nationality was formed by the fusion of the Hui, Mongol, Han and Zang (Tibetan) nationalities.