鸡中枢淋巴器官肥大细胞的组织化学与形态学

对哺乳动物的,特别是啮齿动物和人类肥大细胞已有了比较深入的研究, 但关于家禽肥大细胞的研究很少.本研究旨在阐明鸡中枢淋巴器官中肥大细胞的组织化学与形态学特征.本研究证实Carnoy 氏液是鸡肥大细胞的优良的固定液,而中性缓冲福尔马林(NBF) 却阻断了大多数肥大细胞的着染力.甲苯胺蓝和阿尔新蓝是鸡肥大细胞的良好的染料,但阿尔新蓝能使更多的肥大细胞着染,虽然其也可使杯状细胞着染.作者的一种新的染色法, 长时间阿尔新蓝染色(LAB-S)可用于NBF固定的组织中肥大细胞的染色,因为其着染的细胞数与Carnoy 氏液固定甲苯胺蓝染色的细胞数无显著差异(P<0.001).在胸腺髓质中见有大量的肥大细胞,而胸腺皮质仅可见个别肥大细胞位于血管周围及小叶间结缔组织中.腔上囊的皮质与髓质中很少见有肥大细胞.肥大细胞有血管周围分布的倾向,但一个有趣的发现是血管内偶尔也有个别肥大细胞.电镜下可见肥大细胞的胞浆颗粒内充满无定形的颗粒状基质,但其电子密度有的较高,有的较低.少数胞浆颗粒内有旋涡状及网状亚微结构.但未见有人类肥大细胞胞浆颗粒内特征性的晶格状和卷轴状的亚微结构,也未见到在绵羊肥大细胞中描述过的特殊亚微结构.

HISTOCHEMISTRY AND MORPHOLOGY OF MAST CELLS OF PRIMARY LYMPHOID ORGANS IN CHICKEN

Mast cells have been studied extensively in mammals, especially in rodents and human, but not in poultry, and the objective of this study was to characterize chicken mast cells, especially those in primary lymphoid organs, histochemically and morphologically Carnoy's fluid was proved to be a good fixative, however neutral buffered formalin (NBF) blocked staining of most mast cells ( p <0 001) Alcian blue stained more mast cells than toluidine blue (pH 0 5) did ( p <0 001), although Alcian blue also stained goblet cells A new method developed by authors, prolonged Alcian blue staining (LAB S), can be used to detect mast cells in NBF fixed tissue sections since it stained nearly as many as toluidine blue staining in Carnoy's fluid fixed ones ( p >0 05) Numerous mast cells were found to be concentrated in the thymus medulla and with a few in the cortex adjacent to blood vessels and in the interlobular connective tissues, but few in the medulla and cortex of bursa of Fabricius Mast cells indented to around blood vessels and an interesting finding was that a few mast cells could be found occasionally within the blood vessels Under electron microscopy, the cytoplasmic granules of mast cells contained amorphous granular materials but electron density of the matrix varied from low to high Eddy like and reticular substructures were seen occasionally in a few granules but the crystalline and scroll substructures described in human mast cell granules and some other special substructures in sheep mast cell granules were not observed.