四川凉山彝族自治州湿地鸟类组成及变化探讨

本文对有关四川凉山彝族自治州湿地鸟类的文献进行整理,并结合作者2004~2005年对凉山州湿地鸟类的调查成果,统计出凉山州湿地鸟类8目13科73种,其中国家I、II级保护鸟类7种,物种组成以非繁殖鸟为主。调查中首次记录了紫水鸡在四川的越冬种群。1992年和2005年泸沽湖和邛海湿地鸟类冬季调查结果对比表明,泸沽湖鸟类种数和数量锐减;而邛海的湿地鸟类组成有明显变动,物种稳定性差,说明泸沽湖和邛海湿地鸟类现状不容乐观,急需进一步的研究和保护。

Waterfowl Diversity and Fluctuations of Species Composition in Liangshan Yi Nationality Autonomous Region,Sichuan

Liangshan Yi Nationality Autonomous Region (ab. Liangshan) lies in the southwestern Sichuan Province, with various genres of wetland and rich waterfowl species diversity. A survey of species diversity of waterfowls in Liangshan was conducted in Dec. 2005. Both data on waterfowls from previous papers and monographs for Liangshan published from 1929 to 2004 and the results of our survey show that 73 species belonging to 13 families in 8 orders of waterfowls occur in Liangshan. Among the waterfowl species in Liangshan, there are 7 national key protected species and the majority are non-breeding birds. The wintering Porphyrio porphyrio population is first observed in Sichuan. A comparison of the survey on waterfowls in 2 lakes in 2005 with a similar one conducted in 1992 suggests that during the past 13 years, (1)both species diversity and population sizes of waterfowls declines dramatically in Luguhu Lake, and (2)species composition of waterfowl has changed greatly in Qionghai Lake. The result of the comparison suggests that a threat is against species diversity of waterfowls in Liangshan and more studies and protecting measures are needed.