白头鹎季节性集群行为动态研究

从2009年7月到2011年6月,采用定期观察法研究了白头鹎集群及季节变动行为。共记录到白头鹎350群,1301只,每群平均(4.08±3.36)只,主要集成1～4只为一群,占总集群数的80.29%。白头鹎常见的停歇点是电线、灌丛、高树和地面,其中高树中的集群数有198群,占总群数的76.45%。一年中白头鹎集群呈现两个高峰,即5月和12月,分别为42群和43群。温暖的季节白头鹎以小规模的集群生活为主,5～8月每群平均<3只;寒冷的季节白头鹎以较大的集群生活为主,11～3月每群平均>5只。分析表明,天敌对白头鹎的影响较小,但天气和食物分布对集群有明显的影响。

Study on Seasonal Grouping Behaviors of Pycnonotus sinensis with their Dynamics

The grouping behaviors of Pycnonotus sinensis with their seasonal dynamics had been studied in a scheduled time from July of 2009 to June of 2011, in which 350 groups were observed, and the individual number was 1301. There were 1 to 4 individuals in each group, making up 80.29% of the total grouping number, and the average number of each group was 4.08±3.36. The common resting sites of P. sinensis were electrical wires, shrubs, high trees and ground, and there were 198 groups in the high trees, making up 76.45% of the total. The grouping of P. sinensis had two pinnacles in May and December, for 42 groups and 43 groups respectively. P. sinensis lived on smaller size grouping in warm season, and the average number in each group was less than 3 between May and August; they lived on relatively bigger size grouping in cold season, and the average number in each group was more than 5 between November and March. In conclusion, their natural enemies lesser affected P. sinensis on grouping, but the influences of weather and food distribution were evident.