四川铁布梅花鹿自然保护区梅花鹿夏季栖息地选择

四川梅花鹿Cervus nippon sichuanicus为国家Ⅰ级重点保护动物,四川铁布梅花鹿自然保护区分布有我国现存最大的梅花鹿野生种群。2011年6-9月,采用样方法对保护区梅花鹿夏季栖息地选择进行了调查,共布设109个样方(利用样方61个,对照样方48个),测量并比较了海拔、坡度等20个生境因子。结果显示,梅花鹿偏好利用的植被类型为灌丛、草甸、针叶林,同时选择隐蔽度较高的生境;此外,距水源距离、灌木高度、灌木盖度、灌木密度、草本高度和草本盖度6个连续变量在利用样方和对照样方之间差异有统计学意义(F<0.05或U<0.05)。回归模型分析结果表明,梅花鹿夏季偏好选择草本盖度大、靠近水源和林缘的生境,回避远离水源和林缘的生境。

Summer Habitat Selection of Cervus nippon sichuanicus in the Sichuan Tiebu Sika Deer Nature Reserve

Sika deer(Cervus nippon sichuanicus) is classified as a class Ⅰ nationally key protected wild animal species in China. The largest wild population of C. n. sichuanicus is distributed in the Sichuan Tiebu Sike Deer Nature Reserve. From June to September 2011, quadrat sampling method was used to investigate the summer habitat selection of C. n. sichuanicus in the reserve. Twenty habitat variables, such as elevation and slope gradient, were assessed in 109 quadrats(61 used sites and 48 control sites). The results showed that C. n. sichuanicus preferred bush, meadow, and coniferous forest with high concealing condition. There were significant differences between the used and control quadrats in 6 continuous variables(F<0.05 or U<0.05), such as the distance to water, shrub height, shrub cover, shrub density, herb height, and herb cover. The result of logistic regression analysis showed that C. n. sichuanicus prefers the habitat with higher herb cover, shorter distance to water and forest edge in summer.