香港的兽类

香港包括香港岛和九龙半岛，属大陆性岛和半岛。主要植被为栎树和月桂混交林。历史上曾记载有华南虎、豹等大型猛兽，随着都市化的演替、狩猎、徒步旅行和野营等人为因素的影响，迄今已有6种大中型兽类绝迹。现存的兽类有7目10科25种，其区系除8种广布外全属东洋界种类。其中有10种属有害的啮齿类；属国家Ⅱ级保护的有穿山甲、水獭、大灵猫和小灵描，以及国际保护的食蟹猴；属毛皮猎用的有南狐、鼬獾、豹猫、野猪和小麂；农林益兽有灰麝鼯、臭鼯、皱唇幅、普通伏翼；其他有短吻犬蝠。这些兽类除揭家鼠等栖居市区及郊外住宅外，其它栖息于郊外田野、荒地草灌、林灌、河溪、湿地和船坞等环境。随着都市化的矿展，野生动物保护事业的发展和公众对环境意识的提高，现有兽类的组成格局不会有太大变化．而人们宠爱的中小型兽类，或因逃逸，或因放生，将会增加，逐渐趋于人类与大自然融洽共处。

MAMMALS OF HONG KONG

The major vagetation is mixed forest with onerous and Laurus in Hong Kong island and Kowloon. Pantera tigris amoyensis, Pardus P. fusca and other large-sized mammals had been recorded there. 6 species of large - sized mammals have been extincted owing to human activities such as developing metropolizing, hunting, touring on foot, camping etc. By now, there are 7 orders, 10 fairlies, 25 species mammals known from Hong Kong. All of them belong to Oriental element but 8 species to the Wide-distributional element. As to the economical sigmificance, there are 10 species of harmful mammals of Rodentia. Manis pentadactyla, Lutra laura chinensis, Virerrazibetha, Vivarricula indica are the national II protected mammals. Macaca fascicularis is classified as the international protected mammal. There are 5 species fur - beading mammals i.e. Vuples vulpes hoole, Mologale moschata, Felisbengalensis chinensis, Sus scrofa, Muntiacus reevesi and 4 species useful to agriculture i. e. Crocdura attenuata, Suncus murinus, Pipitrellus abramus, Tadrida plicata. Additionally, there is Cynopterus sphinx in the region. All these mammals inhabitat in fields, wastelands, grasses, scrubs, river and wet land and docks etc. of suburbans, excepl the Rottus norvegicus inhabitiats in home or urban districts. Along with the extention of mebopolising, development of protection activity, and enhancement of human consience of environment protection, the composihon of mammals in Hong Kong will not be changed greatly. The qunatity of middle and small - sized pet anieds will be increased becaused of being fleed themselves or freed by people, and tend to coexist harmoniously with the nature at last.