大熊猫双胞胎生长发育影响因素的研究

为了研究影响大熊猫Ailuropoda melanoleuca双胞胎生长发育的因素,以2013—2016年成都大熊猫繁育研究基地出生的22对大熊猫双胞胎幼仔及其母兽为研究对象,分析母兽孕期增重、双胞胎个体性别和双胞胎性别类型与大熊猫双胞胎幼仔初生体质量之间的关系,以及双胞胎个体性别和大熊猫幼仔初生体质量与1~12月龄大熊猫幼仔体质量之间的关系。结果显示,不同双胞胎性别类型的大熊猫幼仔初生体质量的差异有统计学意义(P=0.015),但母兽孕期增重、双胞胎个体性别与幼仔初生体质量的差异无统计学意义(P=0.257、P=0.170);双胞胎2只个体的初生体质量不同(χ^2=9.043,P=0.041),且双胞胎性别类型与幼仔初生体质量差异程度呈中等强度相关(Cramer s V=0.492,P=0.030),双雌性双胞胎初生体质量差异为20%~40%(调整后标化残差:2.30),双雄性双胞胎初生体质量差异小于20%(调整后标化残差:2.60);双胞胎个体性别和初生体质量对1~12月龄大熊猫幼仔生长发育的影响无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对大熊猫双胞胎幼仔生长发育影响因素的研究,为大熊猫双胞胎的饲养管理提供理论依据。

Study on the Relevant Factors Affecting the Development of Giant Panda Twins

In order to study the factors affecting the growth and development of giant panda twins(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)born in 2013-2016 at the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding,the relationship between increasing of maternal gestational mass,individual sex,sex type of twins and twin birth mass were analyzed,and the effects of individual sex,twin birth mass on the growth of 1-12 month-old cubs were also investigated.The results indicated that there was no significant relevance between individual sex and birth mass(P=0.170),as same as the increasing of maternal gestational mass(P=0.257);however,the sex type of twins was found to significantly affect the birth mass(P=0.015),and there was not only a significant difference between twin birth mass(χ^2=9.043,P=0.041),but also a medium correlation between the twin birth mass and sex type of twins(Cramer s V=0.492,P=0.030),which was 20%-40%(adjusted standardized residuals=2.30)of female-female and less than 20%(adjusted standardized residuals=2.60)of male-male.However,the growth of giant panda cubs was not affected by individual sex and birth mass during the first year(P>0.05).Therefore,the study provides a scientific basis for the breeding and management of giant panda twins.