三峡重庆库区不同鸟类群落的物种组成及多样性研究

1996～1997年，对三峡工程重庆库区的鸟类群落物种组成和种群数量进行了调查，共调查记录库区鸟类15目48科226种，数量18929只。用鸟类数量级划分、Sorensen相似性指数、Shannon-Wiener指数和Pielou指数分析库区各种生境鸟类群落物组成和物种多样性结果表明：1）库区天然林、人工林、灌草丛和水域生境中鸟类群落的组成与农田生境具有较高的相似性，尤以人工林和农田的相似性最高；2）库区人工林生境鸟类群落物种多样性最高；3）库区由于长期以来人类活动的影响，生境日趋单一，已逐渐形成一种以农田灌丛鸟类为主的鸟类生态系统。

Components and Species Diversity of Bird Community in Three Gorges Reservoir of Chongqing Area

A survey on birds was conducted in the Three Gorges Reservoir of Chongqing area from 1996 to 1997.During the two-year survey,18929 individuals of birds,belonging to 226 species,48 families and 15 orders,were recorded.Components and species diversity of the five bird communities were analyzed by Number rank,Sorensen Similarity index,Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index.The results suggest that 1) The species components of the bird communities in the natural forests,in the manual forests,in the shrubland and in the aquatic communities are similar to that in the cropland;2)The bird communities in the natural forests are the greatest in diversity;3) Because of frequently anthropological disturbance,bird communities in the reservoir are mainly composed of Passeriformes birds.