缺氧对家兔肺泡表面活性物质中各磷脂组分的影响

肺泡表面活性物质中各磷脂组分对缺氧的反应是不同的。急性缺氧时,肺泡冲洗液中溶血卵磷脂、神经鞘磷脂、磷脂酰乙醇胺及磷脂酰甘油均下降(p<0.05);间断适应性缺氧后,基本回复到缺氧前水平。而急性缺氧时,肺组织中除磷脂酰乙醇胺变化不明显外,其它各成分均有明显增加(p<0.05)。间断缺氧时,肺组织中各脂质成分持续下降。该变化可能与肺组织中ATP等能量物质在缺氧时代谢异常有关。从肺泡冲洗液的脂质分析结果来看,适当地以间断减压作缺氧适应,能有效地解除急性缺氧对肺泡表面磷脂含量的抑制作用。

EFFECT OF HYPOXIA ON COMPONENTS OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS IN PULMONARY SURFACTANT OF RABBITS

48 rabbits were divided into 4 groups at random: acute hypoxia for 3 h,intermittent hypoxia for 5 days or 15 days (3 h per day) and control groups. On analysis of phospho-lipids in pulmonary surfactant of rabbits exposed to different hypoxic conditions (simulated altitude 5 000m), it was found that lysophosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol were decreased (p<0.05) by acute hypoxia and raised by adaptive hypoxia in lung lavage. In lung tissue, however,all components of phospholipids increased under acute hypoxia except phosphatidylethanolamine. In the condition of intermittent hypoxia, the amount of each phospholipid declined. The results suggest that active components of pulmonary surfactant and its interfacial activity are inhibited by acute hypoxia. The changes could be corrected by appropriate adaptive hypoxia. The increase of phospholipids in the lung tissue may be related to type I cell secretion and hyperventilation under hypoxia.