蓝斑核对上呼吸道阻力肌—颏舌肌功能的影响

本实验在３８只经氨基甲酸乙酯麻醉的健康家兔上进行，观察了电、化学刺激蓝斑核（ＬＣ）对颏舌肌功能的影响。结果如下：（１）长串电脉冲刺激蓝斑核使颏舌肌肌电活动明显增强，表现为长吸性肌电积分幅度升高，膈肌亦出现与颏舌肌同步的肌电活动增强。（２）ＬＣ内微量注射胞体兴奋剂谷氨酸钠，也引起明显的颏舌肌和膈肌肌电活动增强。（３）上述电、化学刺激的区域对照和盐水对照实验，均未出现有意义的肌电改变。提示：电、化学刺激ＬＣ可特异性增强上呼吸道阻力肌──颏舌肌的紧张性活动，具有减小上呼吸道阻力的作用，这对于某些上呼吸道阻塞性疾病发病机制的研究可能具有重要的意义。

EFFECT OF LONG TRAIN ELECTRICAL STIMULATION OF LOCUUS COERULEUS ON ACTIVITIES OF GENIOGLOSSAL MUSCLE

The integrated electromyographic activities(EMG) of genioglossal and phrenic muscles were induced by electrical and chemical stimulation of the locus coeruleus (LC) in 38 urethane anesthetized vagotomized adult rabbits. The results were as follows: (1) The electrical stimulation of the LC with long train pulses caused marked prolongation of inspiratory duration and distinct increase in amplitude of integrated EMG of genioglossal muscle. The activity of the phrenic muscle was also increased. (2) Microinjection of monosodium glutamate (MSG) into LC produced significant increase in the activities of genioglossal and phrenic muscles. (3) The control experiment of electrical stimulation and microinjection failed to produce any significant effect.These results suggest that the electrical or chemical stimulation of LC can produce marked decrease in resistance of upper airway and modulation of respiration and provide new evidences for the understanding of some upper airway obstructive diseases.