不同步数的健步走对男性中老年人健身的效果

目的：基于运动生理生化技术手段，对不同步数的健步走在男性中老年人健身中的干预效果进行科学分析，以期为全民健身的开展提供更多理论依据。方法：募集的80名中老年受试者分成3组：健步走运动A组（30名、平均年龄56.26 ±3.68岁）、健步走运动B组（30名、平均年龄57.65 ±4.78岁）、对照组C组（20名、平均年龄55.73 ±4.18岁）；健步走运动A组在整个实验过程中每天运动步数控制在10 000~12 000步，共计16周；健步走运动B组在前10周内每天运动步数控制在10 000~12 000步，后6周控制在14 000~15 000步/天；对照组保持原先正常的生活状态和运动习惯。分别在试验开始前、第10周、第16周结束后对研究对象进行各个指标的测试。测试指标主要包括收缩压、舒张压、心率、肺活量、时间肺活量、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇等。结果：两个运动组在10周、16周后收缩压、舒张压、血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯较试验前明显下降（P<0.05，P<0.01），肺活量、血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇较试验前明显升高（P<0.05，P<0.01），且运动B组在16周后舒张压（P<0.05）、时间肺活量（P<0.05）、血清甘油三酯（P<0.05）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（P<0.05）改变幅度明显大于运动A组16周后值。结论：每天万步走运动可有效地改善男性中老年血压、肺活量、血清甘油三酯、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇等指标，且运动10周以后适当增加步数可进一步提高改善幅度。

Effects of different steps of brisk walking on the fitness of middle-aged and old men

Objective:To analyze the effect of walking pace on the fitness of middle-aged and elderly people in order to provide more theoretical data for the development of entensive mass fitness based on the means of sports physiological and biochemical techniques. Methods:The selected 80 middle-aged and elderly subjects were divided into three groups:brisk walking group A (n=30, 56.26 ±3.68 years), brisk walking group B (n=30, 57.65 ±4.78 years), and control group C (n=20, 55. 73 ±4. 18 years). Exercise group A:10 000~12 000 steps/day, a total of 16 weeks; walking group B:10 000~12 000 steps/day in the first 10 weeks, 14 000~15 000 steps/day in the last 6 weeks. Control group C:keeping the normal living conditions. The indicators were tested before the experiment and after the tenth week and the sixteenth week of the experiment. Test indicators included systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, vital capacity, timed vital capacity, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol. Results:The levels of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol and triglyceride were decreased significantly (P<0.05, P<0.01), while the vital capacity and high density lipoprotein cholesterol were increased significantly in both exercise groups afler 10 and 16 weeks compared with those in the same group betor test(P<0. 05, P<0. 01). The levels of diastolic blood pressure, timed vital capacity, serum triglyceride and high density lipoprotein cholesterol in exercise group B after 16 weeks were significantly higher than those of exercise group A (P<0.05). Conclusion:Ten thousand steps away every day can effectively improve the indexes of blood pressure, vital capacity, serum triglyceride, total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol of middle-aged and elderly men and it can further improve the indicator above by increasing the number of steps after 10 weeks.