模拟高原低氧对人的认知能力影响的研究

目的 :研究轻、中度急性缺氧暴露对人的认知能力的影响。方法 :利用低压舱模拟 30 0m(对照高度 )、2 80 0m、36 0 0m、44 0 0m低氧环境 ,考察了 18名健康男性青年受试者在不同高度暴露 1h的感知觉、记忆、注意、思维和心理运动功能的变化情况。结果 :2 80 0m暴露 1h连续识别记忆测验的综合绩效已显著低于对照水平 (P <0 .0 1) ,而36 0 0m暴露 1h后感知觉、记忆、注意、思维和心理运动等各项测验的反应时均延长 ,正确率下降 ,综合绩效显著降低 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1) ,并随着高度的增加而加重。 44 0 0m暴露 1h各项测验综合绩效进一步降低 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :各项认知能力受低氧影响符合“高度依赖原则” ,但不同认知能力要素受低氧影响的阈限高度不同。 36 0 0m高度暴露 1h各项测验的综合绩效均显著下降 ,已无法满足工效要求。经过 1h的供氧 ,各项作业绩效基本恢复

Effects of simulated high altitude hypoxia on cognitive performance

Aim: To investigate the effects of mild and moderate hypoxia on human cognitive performance. Metholds: Eighteen healthy young male volunteers performed a set of tests of human ergonomics at sea level(300 m in Xi'an) and simulated high altitude of 2 800 m,3 600 m and 4 400 m for 1 h in hypobaric chamber,respectively. Results: The performance of continuous recognition memory tests compared with the controls' was deteriorated significantly(P<0.01) after exposure to 2 800 m for 1 h. After exposure to 3 600 m for 1 h,in all test,the reaction time was much longer ,the accurate rates were lower and the performance was worse than that of control(P<0.05). All the parameters were deteriorated with the increment of altitude and the performance of all tests were much worse at 4 300 m for 1 h (P<0.01).Conclusion: Different parameters of human cognitive performance may have different susceptible thresholds to hypoxia according to the results from our studies. The congnitive performance after exposure to 3 600 m for 1 h was not sufficiently effective for the demands of human ergonomics due to its significant deteriorating changes. However,the performance can be effectively restored after exposure to enough oxygen supply for 1 h.