金针菇分子生物学和功能基因研究进展

金针菇是重要的食药用菌，具有很高的经济价值。随着金针菇全基因组序列的公布、多组学分析、转基因技术、基因编辑技术的发展，越来越多的研究者开始关注金针菇重要性状(如生长速度、菌柄长度、生物活性物质含量等)相关的分子调控机制以及关键基因的发掘。本文综述了分子生物学技术在金针菇研究中的应用并分析了不同技术的利弊;同时，系统介绍了金针菇菌丝和子实体生长发育、温度应答、生物活性物质代谢、蓝光响应等重要生物学过程中调控基因的最新研究进展，并对未来金针菇分子生物学研究的方向进行了展望，旨在为我国金针菇产业的发展提供有价值的参考。

Research progress of molecular biology and functional genes of Flammulina filiformis

Flammulina filiformis is an important edible and medicinal fungus with high economic value. With the publication of the whole genome sequence of F. filiformis, and the development of multi-omics analysis, transgenic technology, and gene editing technology, more and more researchers have focused on the molecular regulatory mechanisms related to important traits (such as growth rate, stipe length, bioactive substance content, etc.) and the exploration of key genes of the fungus. This article reviewed the applications of molecular techniques in F. filiformis and analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of these techniques. The recent research progress of regulatory genes in important biological processes such as growth and development, temperature response, metabolism of bioactive substances, and blue light response of F. filiformis were also systematically introduced, and future direction of molecular biology research in F. filiformis was prospected. This article aims at providing a valuable reference for the development of Chinese F. filiformis industry.