变孔异担子菌随进境针叶木传入中国的风险分析

变孔异担子菌Heterobasidion irregulare原产于北美，能引起针叶树根部和根基干部的白色腐朽病，严重时导致树木死亡。目前已扩散至欧洲部分国家，在我国尚未有分布。本研究按照植物检疫的国际标准措施之有害生物风险分析原则(ISPM No.11)，从地理分布、定殖可能性、扩散可能性、经济重要性和管理难度等方面对该病菌进行了定性分析，同时按照有害生物危险性评价指标体系及赋值标准，获得该病菌风险R值。结果显示：变孔异担子菌风险评估R值为2.35，属于高度危险林业有害生物，传入风险较高、危害大，目前尚未列入我国禁止进境检疫性有害生物名录中。因此，建议将该种真菌尽快列入名录中，加强口岸检疫。

Risk analyses of Heterobasidion irregulare on imported coniferous wood into China

Heterobasidion irregulare was described from North American. It is found in some European countries and causes root and butt white rot on conifers, leading to death in severe cases. It has not been spread into China. According to international standard plant quarantine measures and principle of pathogen risk analysis (ISPM No. 11), qualitative analysis was done for H. irregulare through geographical distribution, possibility of colonization, diffusion probability, economic importance and difficulty for management. The value R was 2.35 according to the risk assessment index and valuation standard. It showed that H. irregulare was a highly dangerous forest pathogen, and there was the risk introducting into China. At present it is not included in forest quarantine list of China. We suggest that H. irregulare should be added to the quarantine list of China, and the related customs quarantine control should be enhanced.