中国松塔牛肝菌属新种和新记录种

本文报道松塔牛肝菌属四个新种,即:裸皱松塔牛肝菌Strobilomyces gla-bellus Ying sp.nov.,阔裂松塔牛肝菌S.latirimosus Ying sp.nov.,微茸松塔牛肝菌S.subnudus Ying sp.nov.,短绒松塔牛肝菌S.velutinus Ying sp.nov.;及四个中国新记录种,即:柔鳞松塔牛肝菌S.mollis Corner,疣鳞松塔牛肝菌S.nigricans Berk.,锥鳞松塔牛肝菌S.polypyramis Hook.,半裸松塔牛肝菌S.semi-nudus Hongo.松塔牛肝菌属Strobilomyces以其具有变黑的担子果与菌幕、不粘的菌盖上有疣状、绵绒状或刺状鳞片以及黑褐色带明显纹饰的孢子而易于识别。Singer(1945)按孢子纹饰的不同将松塔牛肝菌属分为两个组,其一为具疣、刺和网纹的种类;另一为具纵贯孢子两端的翼状棱纹的种类。对于后者的归属问题,Pegler & Young持不同见解,并于1981建立了非洲牛肝菌属AfroboletusPegler & Young以纳孢子具翼状纵棱和孢缘边(rim)的种类;含2—4种,分布在非洲近赤道的地区。在中国,松塔牛肝菌属已报道过三个种,即:松塔牛肝菌Strobilomyces,floc-copus(Vahl.ex Fr.)Karst.光头松塔牛肝菌S.glabriceps Chiu和混淆松塔牛肝菌S.confusus Sing.。裘维蕃(1948,1957)曾描述过网孢松塔牛肝菌Strobi-lomyces retisporus(Pat.et Bak.)Gilb.但因其子实体色鲜红至褐红而不变黑色、子层体淡暗黄色且菌肉不变红-黑色、孢子具网纹而宜转隶于Heimiellia Boedijn(1951)。文中有新分类单位和国内已知种的分种检索表、新种的拉丁文和英文描述并有绘图和扫描电镜照片示明孢子纹饰。

NEW TAXA AND RECORDS OF THE GENUS STROBILOMYCES IN CHINA

Eight species of the genus Strobilomyces are reported.Among them four are new to science,namely Strobilomyces glabellus Ying sp.nov.,S.latirimosus Ying sp.nov.,S. subnudus Ying sp nov.,S.velutinus Ying sp.nov.,and four are new to China,i.e.S.mollis Corner,S.nigricans Eerk.,S.polypyramis Hook.,and S.seminudus Hongo.