三种白及属植物不同生长发育时期的菌根显微结构

采用石蜡切片技术对白及Bletilla striata、黄花白及B. ochracea和小白及B. formosana的栽培种在生长期、花期、果期和休眠期的菌根解剖结构特征、菌根真菌入侵方式和菌丝特征等进行观察研究,以进一步了解菌根真菌与白及属植物的共生关系。结果表明,3种白及属植物的菌根真菌均是通过通道细胞侵入根皮层薄壁细胞,侵入后菌丝靠近皮层细胞的细胞核分布,最终在皮层细胞形成菌丝团;真菌侵染率和菌丝形态随着植物生长发育变化而变化,3种白及属植物均表现为花期和生长期的真菌侵染率较高,以丝状菌丝团为主,而果期和休眠期较低,以团块状菌丝团居多;同一时期不同植物类型的菌根特征无显著差异。

Mycorrhizal microstructures of three Bletilla species at different growing periods

Paraffin section technique is used to observe the mycorrhizal anatomy features, invading ways and hyphal characters of mycorrhizal fungi in vegetative growth, flowering, fruiting and dormant periods of cultivated Bletilla striata, B. ochracea and B. formosana. The observation aims at understanding the relationship between mycorrhizal fungi and Bletilla plants and providing a reference for germplasm resources protection and sustainable utilization of the plants. The results showed that the mycorrhizal fungi invaded the parenchyma cells through passage cells, and the hyphae were distributed near the nuclei of cortical cells after invasion, and finally formed peloton in cortical cells. Hyphal infection and morphology changed with the growth and development of plants. Higher fungal infection rates occurred in flowering and vegetative growing periods, and the fungi appeared mainly in filamentous pelotons, but in fruiting and dormant periods mostly in clumpy pelotons with low infectivity. The mycorrhizal characteristics of different plant species in the same development period had no significant difference.