毛木耳对孔雀石绿染料降解条件的优化

随着我国印染工业的发展,废水对生态环境的危害日趋严重,亟需开发一种脱色明显且成本低廉的降解方法。本研究发现毛木耳Auricularia cornea菌株AC5对不同结构的染料均具有一定的降解作用,尤其是三苯甲烷类染料。利用26℃、160r/min振荡培养7d的粗酶液对染料（75.0mg/L）进行12h降解,结果显示三苯甲烷染料孔雀石绿、结晶紫,蒽醌染料活性蓝19和偶氮染料活性蓝222的降解效率分别为83.27%、71.77%、67.81%和63.92%。染料降解实验和酶活力测定结果表明,毛木耳对孔雀石绿的降解率达到最高时漆酶活性最高,为321.0U/mL,木质素过氧化物酶和锰过氧化物酶活性较低。因此,推测在降解过程中漆酶起到主要作用。研究表明利用毛木耳菌丝发酵液降解染料废水成本低且操作方便,为染料废水的降解研究提供了前期基础。

Optimization of decolorization conditions of malachite green dye by Auricularia cornea

With the development of printing and dyeing industry in China, the harmfulness of wastewater to the ecological environment is becoming increasingly serious, and it is urgent to explore a degradation method with obvious decolorization and low cost. It was found that Auricularia cornea strain AC5 could degrade various types of dyes, especially triphenylmethane dye. Degradation experiment of different dyes (75.0mg/L) was carried out for 12h using the extracellular crude enzyme solution of A. cornea incubated in 7d at 26°C under the condition of shake culture (160r/min). The result showed that the degradation rates of triphenylmethane dye malachite green, crystal violet, anthraquinone dye reactive blue 19 and azo dye active blue 222 were 83.27%, 71.77%, 67.81% and 63.92%, respectively. Enzyme activity determination showed that the laccase activity reached up to 321.0U/mL when degradation rate of malachite green attained to the highest level. The activities of lignin peroxidase and manganese peroxidase were lower than that of laccase. It was inferred that laccase played a major role in the process of dyes’ degradation. This study proved that it was a low-cost and convenient method using the crude enzyme solution of A. cornea to degrade dye wastewater.