我国首次发现暗孢节菱孢所致皮肤真菌病——一株新的条件致病性真菌

本文报告暗孢节菱孢(又名球形阜孢霉)所致皮肤真菌病。此菌是我国首次发现的条件致病真菌。患者头部发生多处皮下结节及萎缩性秃发。皮损活检可见毛囊和皮脂腺严重破坏。肉芽肿内有褐色孢子和分隔菌丝,尤以皮下脂肪浸润明显。多次从皮损外皮屑内检出圆形的厚壁孢子。在沙氏琼脂培养基上,37℃培养生长良好。菌落初呈淡黄色,渐变为橙色。小培养镜检时(放大400倍),可见菌丝分枝有隔(1—2μm)。单细胞性小分生孢子呈球形,晶体形等,光滑发亮呈褐色。有的孢子中央有一黑色纵条带。扫描电镜下发现球形或卵形分生孢子,将暗孢节菱孢制成的菌液接种于实验动物皮肤,2周后出现斑块、小结节、小脓肿和脱毛等症状,与患者临床症状相同。对照组动物正常。动物皮损活检所见病理损害与患者皮损病理损害相同,证实了此菌的致病性。

ARTHRINIUM PHAEOSPERMUM CAUSING DERMATOMYCOSIS,A NEW RECORD OF CHINA

A case of dermatomycosis caused by Arthrinium phaeosperrnum is reported. It is an opportunistic pathogenic fungus found for the first time in China.Multiple subcuta- neous nodules and atrophic alopecia developed on head of the patient.Hair follicles and se- baeous glands were severely destroyed in biopsy with skin lesion.Spores were brown or drab- colored and septate hyphae were found in granuloma especially in the subcutaneous fatty layer. Spherical spores were repeatedly detected from the dandriffs outside the skin lesion.It grew well at 37℃ in Sabouraud medium.Colonies in early stage are light yellow in color then turned gradually into orange.Hyphae with septa (1—2μm) were seen in culture under micros- cope.Conidia varies in size and are spherical,elliptical,and oval in shape.The fungus was tested by biochemistry assay.The suspensions prepared from A.phaeospermum were inoculated intradermally in animal toxicity experiment.Erythemous masses,small nodules,abacess,and alopecia are similar to those seen in patient's symptoms and signs developed 2 weeks after in- oculation.The pathological changes of animal skin lesion in biopsy are also similar to those found in the patient.Twelve anti-fungus drugs and 15 traditional medicinal herbs were tested for the sensitivity of A.phaeospermum.